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Pharmacology > Anti-Parasitic Agents > Flashcards

Anti-Parasitic Agents Flashcards

1
Q

what is the most common and severe form of malaria?

A

Falciparum malaria

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2
Q

Which malarial type can relapse?

A

Vivax malaria

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3
Q

Which malarial drugs work at the blood stage?

A

Chloroquine, artemisinins

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4
Q

Which malarial drugs work at the liver stage?

A

Primaquine

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5
Q

Which drugs can disrupt transmission of malaria?

A

Artemether and primaquine

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6
Q

What properties should the prophylaxis drugs for malaria have?

A

orally effective, long half lives, low toxicity

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7
Q

What is the MOA of chloroquine?

A

Doesn’t allow the conversion of hematin to a non-toxic hemozin by inhibiting biocrystallization

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8
Q

How is resistance developing against chloroquine?

A

Mutated efflux transporters PfCRT to prevent drug accumulation

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9
Q

What drug is artemether paired with to increase its activity?

A

lumefantrine

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10
Q

What is the first line treatment for MDR falciparum malaria?

A

artemether-lumefantrine

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11
Q

When shouldn’t primaquine be used?

A

G6PD deficiency and all pregnant individuals

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12
Q

What antibiotic is used to treat for protozoal infections?

A

metronidazole

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13
Q

Paromomycin is what kind of antibiotic?

A

aminoglycoside

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14
Q

When is paromomycin used?

A

asymptomatic amebiasis; alternative to metronidazole in pregnancy

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15
Q

Which drug inhibits polymerization of parasite beta tubulin?

A

Albendazole

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16
Q

How does the MOA of albenzole work to inhibit the parasite?

A

disruption of the motility and uptake of glucose induces death

17
Q

What is one of the therapeutic indications of albenazole?

A

Enterobiasis infections (pin worms)

18
Q

What can long term use of albenazole cause?

A

liver toxicity and bone marrow suppression

19
Q

What is the MOA of ivermectin?

A

Activation of the glutamate-gated Cl channels –> hyperpolarization

20
Q

What is an adverse reaction that ivermectin has?

A

Mazzotti reaction (pruritis, rash, fever, and lymphedema)

21
Q

When would ivermectin be used in humans?

A

scabies and head lice

Pharmacology (4 decks)

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