Anti-malarial Flashcards
What is malaria?
A protozoal disease caused by various species of Plasmodium
The main species include Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium malariae, Plasmodium ovale, and Plasmodium falciparum.
Which Plasmodium species is responsible for most serious complications and death?
Plasmodium falciparum
This species is known for its dangerous complications compared to others.
What are the types of malaria?
- Benign tertian
- Benign quartan
- Malignant tertian
Malignant tertian malaria is associated with P. falciparum.
What is the fever pattern for P. vivax and P. ovale malaria?
Fever every 2nd day
This type of malaria is classified as benign tertian.
What is the fever pattern for P. malariae malaria?
Fever every 3rd day
This type of malaria is classified as benign quartan.
What are common symptoms of malaria?
- Fever
- Shivering
- Pain in the joints
- Repeated vomiting
- Generalized convulsion (children)
These symptoms may vary in intensity depending on the type of malaria.
What are the classifications of malaria treatments?
- 4-Aminoquinolines
- Quinoline-methanol
- Cinchona alkaloid
- Biguanides
- Diaminopyrimidines
- 8-Aminoquinoline
- Sulfonamides and sulfone
- Tetracyclines
- Sesquiterpine lactones
- Amino alcohols
- Mannich base
- Naphthoquinone
Each classification includes specific drugs used to treat malaria.
Name a drug from the 4-Aminoquinolines classification.
Chloroquine
Other drugs in this classification include Amodiaquine and Piperaquine.
Name a drug from the Quinoline-methanol classification.
Mefloquine
This drug is used in the treatment of malaria.
Name a drug from the Cinchona alkaloid classification.
Quinine
Another drug in this category is Quinidine.
Fill in the blank: The drug _______ is classified under Biguanides.
Proguanil
Chlorproguanil is another drug in this classification.
Name a drug from the 8-Aminoquinoline classification.
Primaquine
Bulaquine is also included in this classification.
Name a drug from the Tetracyclines classification.
Doxycycline
Tetracycline is another member of this group.
What are some drugs classified as Sesquiterpine lactones?
- Artesunate
- Artemether
- Arteether
These are commonly used for treating malaria.
What is a drug from the Amino alcohols classification?
Lumefantrine
Halofantrine is also part of this classification.
Name a drug from the Mannich base classification.
Pyronaridine
This classification includes drugs that are used to treat malaria.
What is a drug from the Naphthoquinone classification?
Atovaquone
This drug is utilized in the treatment of malaria.
