Anti-Inflammatory Drugs

Question 1

Give 2 examples of H1 Anti-histamines

Answer 1

Cyclizine, Chloropheniramine

Question 2

Properties of older H1 Anti-histamines

Answer 2

Sedative and anaesthetic

Question 3

Veterinary uses of H1 Anti-histamines

Answer 3

Only used in Non-food producing

Question 4

NSAIDS - Cox Non selective effects

Answer 4

Physiological effects on GIT, haemostatsis and inflammation.

Question 5

NSAIDS - Cox- 2

Answer 5

More selectively focus on PGE2 and inflammatory mediators

Question 6

Cox-2 Inhibitors collectively known as…

Answer 6

Coxibs

Question 7

Clinical uses of NSAIDs

Answer 7

Control pain, decrease swelling, reduce fever, inhibit platelet activation

Question 8

Contraindications of NSAIDs

Answer 8

Never within 24hrs of another NSAID, Avoid use in dehydrated, hypovolaemic or hypotensive.

Question 9

Side Effects of NSAIDs

Answer 9

Damage to GIT, Nephrotoxicity (dehydrated), Hepatotoxicity.

Question 10

NSAIDs in small and large animals (4)

Answer 10

Carprofen, Ketoprofen, Meloxicam (Metacam), Firocoxib

Question 11

NSAIDs in horses only (2)

Answer 11

Phenylbutazone, Suxibuzone

Question 12

NSAIDs in Large animals and horse only (4)

Answer 12

Flunixin, Sodium Salicylate, Phenylbutazone, Suxibuzone

Question 13

NSAIDs in Small animals only (3)

Answer 13

Tepoaxlin, Robenacoxib, Mavacoxib

Question 14

Combination NSAIDs

Answer 14

Flunixin & Oxytetracycline - cattle, Paracetemol & Codeine - dog.

Question 15

Glucocorticoid Examples (3)

Answer 15

Dexamethasone (all species), Methylprednisolone (dog, cat, horse), Prednisolone (dog, cat)

Question 16

Dexamethasone

Answer 16

Glucocorticoid used in all species

Question 17

Prednisolone

Answer 17

Glucocorticoid used in cats and dogs only

Question 18

Glucocorticoids given by inhalation to horse with RAO

Answer 18

Beclomethasone & flucticasone

Question 19

Mechanisms of Glucocorticoids (3)

Answer 19

(1) Decrease pro-inflammatory mediators, (2) Increase anti-inflammatory mediators, (3) Decrease release of mediators.

Question 20

Actions of Glucocorticoids (3)

Answer 20

Decrease vasodilation (1), vascular permeability (2), and leukocyte accumulation and activation (3)

Question 21

Clinical Uses of Glucocorticoids (4)

Answer 21

Allergic disease, shock, immunosuppression, Hypoadrenocorticism

Question 22

Contraindications of Glucocorticoids

Answer 22

Renal disease, Diabetes Mellitus

Question 23

Never use Glucocorticoids…

Answer 23

During pregnancy, Post operatively, without anti-bacterial drugs in animal with bacterial infection.

Question 24

Side Effects of Glucocorticoids

Answer 24

Suppress wound healing, Iatrogenic cushings.

Question 25

Examples of Immunosuppressants (3)

Answer 25

Cyclosporin, Tacrolimus, Azathioprine

Question 26

Cyclosporin: mechanism, clinical use?

Answer 26

Immunosuppressant.

Inhibits T cell cytokine production and histamine release, Treats Atopic dermatitis.

Question 27

Tacrolimus: mechanism, clinical use?

Answer 27

Immunosuppressant; Cyclosporin analogue.

Treat immune-mediated kerato-conjunctivitus.

Question 28

Azathioprine: mechanism, clinical use?

Answer 28

Cytotoxic immunosuppressant, inhibits proliferation of T cells.
Used to treat auto-immune disease.