Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharm 202 > Anti infective Drugs II > Flashcards

Anti infective Drugs II Flashcards

1
Q

Properties of a virus

A

Intracellular- do not live outside host

Take over cells genetic material & kill host cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

viruses are spread by

A

inhalation, ingestion, inoculation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Common viral infections

A 
Smallpox
Warts
influenza
Resp infection 
HIV/AIDS
Hep ABCDE
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Viral infection

Latent infection

A

persists in an inactive form for months/ years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Viral infections

Oncoviruses

A

viral nucleic acid becomes integrated with host DNA which results in development of cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Antiviral MOA

A

inhibit replication by:
Blockig replication transcription, translation, of viral genetic material
does not destroy existing virus infected cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Viruses controlled by antiviral medications

A

Herpes, Varicella zoster
Influenza
Hep ABC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Virus controlled by vaccine

A 
Hep A&B
Measles, mumps 
Tetnus
Polio
Meningitis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Goal of antivirals

A

limit the spread of the virus
Protection, symptom contro and reduction
people with a competent immune system have best response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How else can we prevent viral infections

A 
Vaccines 
Cough etiquette
Hand hygiene 
PPE
isolation 
Harm reduction
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Herpes drugs (2)

A

Acyclovir & Valacyclovir

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Herpes Viral Infections are highly transmissible through ____.

A

contact

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Herpes is curable Tor F

A

F it is not curable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Hereps- Outbreaks occur with periods of latency To F

A

F latency requires stimulant to present symptoms and can go moths without symptoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Acyclovir drug is for best taken with

A

Herpes Simplex Virus

food

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Acyclovir drug for herpes will do what for the pt

A

decrease viral shedding, pain, duration of genital herpes lesions
less itchy, pain, and heal faster

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Adverse effect of Acyclovir

A

N&V, Fatigue, headache< nephrotoxicity, burning on application

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Valacyclovir is a drug for

A

herpes simplex virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

valacyclovir is a oral prep for

A

recurrent genital herepes and zoster virus

indicated for less serious infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Antiviral drugs are used to

A

treat infections caused by viruses other than HIV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Antiretrovial drugs are used to

A

treat infection caused by HIV just need to know their therapeutic effect not drug profiles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

characteristic of Antiviral

A

Able to enter the cells that are infected with virus
Interfere with viral nucleic acid synthesis or regulation or both
Prevent the fusion process
Some stimulate the body’s immune system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Chemoprophylaxis

A

administering a drug to prevent a disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

HIV is a _____ virus

A

retrovirus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

a retrovirus is

A

a virus that enters its RNA to the DNA of a cell changing the genome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Anti- Retroviral Therapy

A

indicated for treatment ofHIV infection

prophylaxis(prevtnion) for infants/HCP at risk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Why wouldn’t we give Anti- Retroviral Therapy?

A

intolerance, drug toxicity, drug interactions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What would we teach a pt on Anti Retroviral Therapy

A

Compliance for success
Drug resistance possibility
life long therapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

when should we assess for adverse effects on anti retroviral drugs

A

2 times first month and ever 3 months after

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Influenza A&B medications

A

Oseltamivir &

Zanamivir

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

when should treatment begin with influenza symptom onset

A

2 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Indication for Influenza A orB

A

treating a uncomplicated acute illness in adults

Influenza A&B prevents budding irons from escaping infected cells which would reduce the duration of the illness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Oseltamivir is a medication for?

A

Influenza A&B

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

for prophylaxis 3 months or older or any age oral use what medication would be used

A

Oseltamivir

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Adverse effects of Oseltamivir

A

N&V, skin reaction, insomnia, confusion, seizure

36
Q

Zanamivir is a medication for

A

Influenza A&b

37
Q

Zanamivir is used for prophylaxis of ____ and treatment for _____.

A

5 years and older

7 years and older

38
Q

Zanamivir route is

A

inhalation

39
Q

People with a respect disease should not use___ for Influenza A orB

A

Zanamivir

40
Q

Adverse effects of Zanamivir

A

Dierrhea, Nausea, bronchospasm

41
Q

What would nurses do before administering Anti viral medication

A 
med history 
vitals
nutirtion 
monitor dose 
monitor signs of opportunistic diseases
42
Q

what can we teach a individual on Antiviral

A 
prevention is best 
do not cure or prevent spread 
use gloves to apply 
wash hands 
Encourage vaccinations
43
Q

TB is highly infective, most common sites are ___&___. Caused by inhalation &___.

A

lungs and lymphs

Droplet

44
Q

Tb is spread through

A

blood and lymph

45
Q

symptom of TB are

A

sickness, weakness, weight loss, night sweats, coughing, chest pain

46
Q

Anti tubercular Drugs treat ___ forms of mycobacterium

A

All

47
Q

Mycobacterium is more difficult to treat than most other bacterial infections T or F

A

T

48
Q

multidrug resistance to TB is a public health crisis

A

True

49
Q

First line drugs to mycobacterium

A

isoniazid (INH)
pyrazinamide
rifampin
ethambutol– initial 2 months

50
Q

Effectiveness on Anti tubercular drugs depends on

A 
type of infection 
dosing
duration of treatment 
drug adherence 
drug combination
51
Q

What is the drug of choice for active TB and post exposure prophylaxis

A

Isoniazid

52
Q

Isoniazid MOA

A

inhibits mycobacterial cell wall synthesis and interferes with metabolism

53
Q

Adverse effects of Isoniazid

A

peripheral neuropathies
hepatotoxicity
ABD pain
Jaunidice

54
Q

Drugs that interact with Isoniazid

A

Antacid/ decrease absorption

additive affect with rifampin/ increases CNS & hepatotoxicity

55
Q

Rifampin MOA

A

inhibits RNA synthesis by blocking RnA transcription in mycobacterium

56
Q

Rifampin indication

A

active TB

57
Q

Rifampin Adverse effects

A 
hepatitis 
discolouration of urine, stools
ABD pain 
Diarrhea, nausea, heartburn
Thrombocytopenia
58
Q

Drugs that interact with Rifampin

A

increases metabolism of many drugs

decreases therapeutic effects of beta blockers

59
Q

Pyrazinamide MOA

Oral only

A

convert pyrazinoic acid in susceptible strains or mycobacterium which lowers Ph of envirmoent
Bacteriostatic

60
Q

Pyrazinamide Adverse effects

A 
Hepatotoxicity
Hyperuricemia- elevated acid 
malaise 
GI upset 
Dysuria
61
Q

Contraindications for Anti TB drugs

A

Major liver/ kidney dysfunction
severe drug allergy
Chronic alcohol use

62
Q

Nursing implication- inform pt treatment may last for __hr for Anti TB

A

24hr

63
Q

Nursing implication if taking rifampin

A

secretions become red/brown

oral contraceptives might be ineffective

64
Q

Inform pt they may still be infective proper prevention of spreading is crucial like.

A

hand washing

65
Q

What are some examples of Fungi

A

Yeasts/molds

Dimorphric fungi

66
Q

Pathogenic Fungi

These infections re also known as

A

Mycoses

67
Q

what are the 4 types pf fungal infections

A

Cutaneous
Subcutaneous
superficial
Systemic

68
Q

Candidiasis is a opportunistic Fungal Infection that is a mucosal infection that can occur in a healthy or non healthy immune system

A

True

69
Q

Anti fungal MOA

A

Binds the alters the cell membrane

plus more slide 49

70
Q

Polyenes- Amphotericin B

Antifungal

A

Highly toxic

Long half life

71
Q

Adverse effects of Polyenes

Antifungal

A

Nephrotoxicity-reduces renal blood flow
Cardiac dysrhythmias
fever/ chills
N&v

72
Q

Amphotericin B How to manage Adverse effects

A

Hydrate with NS
Administer lipid formations
Monitor & replace electrolytes

73
Q

When to stop infusion for Amphotericin- Adverse effects

A

Is resp distress

O2, E, IV, IV steroids and airway management are required

74
Q

Polyenes- Nystatin is used for ?

A

Candidiasis of skin and mucosa

75
Q

Polyenes/ Nystatin is poorly absorbed T or F

A

true

76
Q

Adverse effects of Polyene/Nystatin

A

N&V, diarrhea
rash
urticaria
Vaginal burning and itching

77
Q

Azoles-are the largest group of anti fungal and may cause hepatitis

A

T

78
Q

Fluconazole Diflucan is the drug of choice for localized _____

A

Candidiasis is a fungal infection caused by a yeast (a type of fungus)

79
Q

OTC Azoles examples

A

Clotrimazole & Miconazole

80
Q

Clotrimazole is topical/ intravaginally route

A

True

this is for oral/ vaginal candidiasis

81
Q

Miconazole is a Fungacidal

A

true

82
Q

Miconazole is used for..

A

Vulvovaginal candidiasis refers to vaginal and vulval symptoms caused by a yeast, most often Candida albicans.

83
Q

Clotrimazole and Miconale have higher doses so therapy is _____ length

A

shorter

84
Q

Contraindications of Antifungals

A

Hypersensitivity
liver failure
Renal Failue
Pregnancy

85
Q

what would we monitor as a nurse ?

A

Vitals- IV q15-30 min
Labs
Adverse effects

86
Q

Immunocompromised pt should avoid exposure to potted plants and flowers & damp environments

A

true these have fungus

Pharm 202 (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions