Anti-infective Drugs (Antifungal, antiprotozoal)

Question 1

Mycosis

Answer 1

Fungal infection (opportunistic infections)

Question 2

Protozoa

Answer 2

Reproduce: crowded places, unsanitary

Question 3

Azoles

Answer 3

Treat: candidiasis, cryptococcosis, histoplasmosis

Question 4

Malaria

Answer 4

Protozoan disease, Incubation period 10-35 days

Question 5

Metronidazole (Flagyl) & Tinidazole

Answer 5

Inhibit DNA synthesis

Question 6

Nystatin (Mycostatin)

Answer 6

Increases permeability of fungal cell membrane

Question 7

Antimetabolites

Answer 7

Used in combination (azole or nystatin) - increases effectiveness and toxicity

Question 8

Metronidazole (Flagyl) Safety precautions

Answer 8

Change in LOC; dizziness

Question 9

When taking Metronidazole (Flagyl), avoid what?

Answer 9

Avoid alcohol and avoid taking during 1st trimester of pregnancy

Question 10

Benznidazole

Answer 10

Used to treat Chagas disease (caused by a parasite) in children 2 to 12 years old.

Question 11

Fenbendazole

Answer 11

Used as an antiparasitic agent against various gastrointestinal parasites

Question 12

Iodoquinol

Answer 12

Inhibits invading organisms from using substances essential to their growth and development

Question 13

Antifungal agents

Answer 13

Kills or inactivates fungi and are used to treat fungal infections

Question 14

Echinocandins

Answer 14

A class of antifungal drugs that target the fungal cell wall

Question 15

Polyene antifungals

Answer 15

Increases the membrane permeability and leads to cell death

Question 16

Voriconazole

Answer 16

Inhibits cytochrome p450 dependent synthesis of ergosterol

Question 17

Atovaquone

Answer 17

May interfere with electron transport in protozoal mitochondria

Question 18

Ketoconazole

Answer 18

Inhibits yeast growth by altering permeability of cell membrane

Question 19

Carbapenems

Answer 19

Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to the penicillin-binding proteins and interfering with cell wall formation

Question 20

Tetracyclines

Answer 20

Inhibit protein synthesis in the microbial RNA

Question 21

Leprostatics

Answer 21

Inhibit the growth of Mycobacterium leprae, the bacterium that causes leprosy

Question 22

Amphotericin B

Answer 22

Treatment of severe fungal infections

Question 23

Amphotericin B

Answer 23

Route: IV over 2-6 hours

Question 24

Amphotericin B nursing intv.

Answer 24

Monitor vital signs q30 min, give IV slowly

Question 25

Antiprotozoals

Answer 25

Atovaquone (Mepron)

Question 26

Clotrimazole

Answer 26

Used to treat skin infections such as athlete’s foot

Question 27

Nifuratel

Answer 27

Indicated for the treatment of vulvovaginal and urinary tract infections

Question 28

Tinidazole

Answer 28

Used to treat infections caused by protozoa

Question 29

Prophylactic Measures for malaria

Answer 29

Use long sleeves, go out before dusk

Question 30

Nystatin (Mycostatin) client teaching

Answer 30

Swish and swallow