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Anti-Infective Agents Flashcards

1
Q

Zovirax

A

Generic Name: acyclovir

Class: Viral DNA Polymerase Inhibitor

Uses: genital herpes simplex, varicella (chickenpox), cold sores

MOA: it is a acyclic nucleoside analogue of deoxyguanosine that is selectively phosphorylated by the virus-encoded thymidine kinase to its monophosphate form

Normal Daily Dose: genital herpes ( 400 mg po tid or 200 mg po 5 times a day for 7-10 days)

Metabolism: not metabolized

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2
Q

Albenza

A

Generic Name: albendazole

Class: Anthelmintic

Uses: parenchymal neurocysticercosis by Taenia solium, cystic hydratid disease of the liver, lung, and peritoneum

MOA: selective degeneration of cytoplasmic microtubules in intestinal and tegmental cells of intestinal helminths and larvae. This leads to impaired glucose uptake in parasites and ATP production decreases leading to energy depletion and death

Normal Daily Dose: adult>60kg: 400 mg bid with meals for 8-30 days;
adults and children <60kg: 15mg/kg/d in 2 divided doses for 8-30 days

Metabolism: Hepatic to 1 active metabolite; minor substrate of CYP3A4/5/1A2

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3
Q

Amoxil, Moxatag

A

Generic Name: amoxicillin

Class: Beta-Lactam Antibiotic

Uses: acute otitis media, lower respiratory tract infection, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, streptococcal pharyngitis, ear, nose, and throat infection, H.pylori tract infection

MOA: Semisynthetic penicillin derivative that inhibits the biosynthesis of bacterial cell wall mucopeptide. Typically active against Streptococcus, Enterococcus, Staphylococcus, and Enterobacteriaceae

Normal Daily Dose:
adults: 500 mg po bid or 1 g po daily x 10 d; children: 50mg/kg po once a daily for 10 d, max 1 g daily

Metabolism: partially hepatic

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4
Q

Augmentin

A

Generic Name: amoxicillin/clavulanate

Class: Beta-Lactam Antibiotic

Uses: Acute otitis media, community acquired pneumonia, lower respiratory tract infection, sinusitis, urinary tract infection, acute cystitis, pyelonephritis

MOA: a semisynthetic penicillin,

Normal Daily Dose: urinary tract infection: 500 mg bid x 5-7 d; acute otitis media: adults- 500-875 mg po q12h x 10 d children- 80-90 mg/kg/d po in 2-3 divided doses; lower respiratory tract infection: 1000 mg po tid x 10 d

Metabolism: Amoxicillin not metabolized, extensive metabolism of clavulanic acid

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5
Q

Atazanavir

A

Generic Name: reyataz

Class: antiretroviral agent, protease inhibitor

Uses: treatment of HIV-1 infection

MOA: binds to the site of HIV-1 protease activity and inhibits cleavage of viral Gag-Pol polyprotein precursors into individual functional proteins required for infectious HIV. This results in the formation of immature, noninfectious viral particles

Normal Daily Dose: adults and children>13 y of age and >40 kg, 300 mg po with ritonavir 100 mg or cobicistat 150 mg; adults unable to tolerate ritonavir, atazanavir 400 mg d

Metabolism: Hepatic substrate of CYP3A4/5, strong inhibitor of CYP3Q4/5 and UGT1A1

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6
Q

Zithromax, Z-Pak

A

Generic Name: azithromycin

Class: macrolide antibiotic

Uses: acute infective exacerbation of COPD, skin or tissue infection; bacterial sinusitis, chancroid nongonococcal cervicitis/urethritis; community-acquired pneumonia, sexually transmitted infections, streptococcal pharyngitis

MOA: it is slightly less active than erythromycin against gram-positive bacteria; azithromycin binds to the 50S ribosomal subunit, thus interfering with microbial protein synthesis

Normal Daily Dose:
active infective exacerbation of COPD, skin, or tissue: 500 mg po daily x 3 d; STIs: 1-2 g po x 1 dose; streptococcal pharyngitis: 500 mg po x 1 dose, then 250 mg po daily x 2-5 d;

Metabolism: renal 6% with a half-life of 68 h

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7
Q

Omnicef

A

Generic Name: cefdinir

Class: third-generation cephalosporin

Uses: acute otitis media, pharyngitis, tonsilitis, bronchitis, community-acquired pneumonia, bronchitis, COPD/acute exacerbation, streptococcal pharyngitis, group A

MOA: activity against a number of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria including Beta-lactamase- producing strains

Normal Daily Dose: 300 mg po bid x 5-10 d

Metabolism: not metabolized

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8
Q

Ceftin, Zinacef

A

Generic Name: cefuroxime

Class: second-generation cephalosporin

Uses: acute infective exacerbation of COPD; acute otitis media, bronchitis, secondary bacterial infection, gonorrhea, pharyngitis, tonsilitis, UTI, bite wound, prophylaxis or treatment

MOA: Beta-lactamase- producing strains

Normal Daily Dose: 250-500 mg po bid x 10 d

Metabolism: Cefuroxime is rapidly hydrolyzed by plasma and GI esterases

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9
Q

Keflex

A

Generic Name: cephalexin

Class: first-generation cephalosporin

Uses: infection of skin and/or subcutaneous tissue, osteomyelitis, otitis media, respiratory tract infection, UTI, streptococcal pharyngitis, impetigo, cellulitis

MOA: inhibits bacterial wall synthesis of actively dividing cells by binding to >1 penicillin-binding proteins

Normal Daily Dose: 25-500 mg q12h

Metabolism: not metabolized

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10
Q

Peridex, Paroex, Hibiclens, Periogard

A

Generic Name: chlorhexidine

Class: antibacterial cleansing agent

Uses: gingivitis, skin or wound cleansing, periodontitis

MOA: it is an antiseptic and antimicrobial drug with bactericidal activity; has activity against gram-positive and gram-negative organisms, facultative anaerobes, aerobes, and yeast. It is both bacteriostatic and bactericidal, depending on its concentration

Normal Daily Dose: 15 mL oral rinse, swish 30 s and spit bid

Metabolism: Not absorbed

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11
Q

Cipro

A

Generic Name: ciprofloxacin

Class: fluoroquinolone

Uses: anthrax, postexposure prophylaxis, bacterial prostatitis, bronchitis, lower respiratory tract infection, UTI

MOA: inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase; it is highly active against aerobic, gram-negative bacilli

Normal Daily Dose: 500 mg po q12

Metabolism: not metabolized; substrate of P-glycoprotein; strong inhibitor of CYP1A2

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12
Q

Cetraxal, Otiprio,

A

Generic Name: ciprofloxacin otic

Class: fluoroquinolone

Uses: otitis externa, otitis media with effusion

MOA: inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase, it is highly active against aerobic, gram-negative bacilli

Normal Daily Dose: 0.1-0.25 mL into affected ear(s) bid x 7 d

Metabolism: Not systemically absorbed

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13
Q

Biaxin

A

Generic Name: clarithromycin

Class: macrolide antibiotic

Uses: acute infective exacerbation of bronchitis, community-acquired pneumonia, H.pylori tract infection, streptococcal pharyngitis, COPD

MOA: binds to the 50S ribosomal subunit of the 70S ribosomes of susceptible organisms, thereby inhibiting bacterial RNA-dependent protein synthesis

Normal Daily Dose: 250500 mg po bid x 7-14 d

Metabolism: Hepatic substrate of CYP3A4/5 inhibitor of CYP3A4/5, P-glycoprotein

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14
Q

Cleocin

A

Generic Name: clindamycin

Class: lincosamide antibiotic

Uses: bacterial infectious disease, infection of skin and/or subcutaneous tissue, infectious disease of abdomen, lower respiratory tract infection, pelvic inflammatory disease, septicemia, osteomyelitis, diabetic foot infection, bacterial vaginosis

MOA: is a semisynthetic 7-chloro-deoxylincomycin derivative that is active against most-positive organisms except enterococci and C. difficile. Gram-negative aerobes are resistant, but most anaerobes are sensitive. It inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding the 50S ribosomal subunit; it is bactericidal or bacteriostatic depending on the concentration, organism, and inoculums

Normal Daily Dose: 150-450 mg po q6h

Metabolism: minor hepatic via CYP3A4/5

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15
Q

Cleocin T, Clindagel, Clindesse, Evoclin

A

Generic Name: clindamycin topical

Class: lincosamide antibiotic

Uses: acne vulgaris, bacterial vaginosis

MOA: It inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding the 50S ribosomal subunit; it is bactericidal or bacteriostatic depending on the concentration, organism, and inoculums

Normal Daily Dose: acne vulgaris: apply thin-film bid to affected area; bacterial vaginosis-suppositories, 100 mg daily intravaginally hs x 3 d

Metabolism: Not systemically absorbed

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16
Q

Adacel, Boostrix, Daptacel, Infanrix, Tenivac

A

Generic Name: Diphtheria Toxoid

Class: Vaccine, Inactivated, Bacterial

Uses: Prevention of diphtheria

MOA: n/a

Normal Daily Doses: primary series of DTaP all infants at 2.4. 6 mo of age (repeated q4-8wk x 3 doses). 4th dose at 15-18 mo of age (>6 mo since 3rd dose, as early as 12 mo of age); 5th dose at 4-6 y of age; booster of Tdap at 11-12 y of age; adults and children >7 y of age, Td every 10 y if primary series completed

Metabolism: n/a

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17
Q

Vibramycin, Doxy 100

A

Generic Name: doxycycline

Class: tetracycline antibiotic

Uses: acinetobacter infection, acne vulgaris, gonorrhea, staphylococcal infection, pneumonia

MOA: a broad-spectrum bacteriostatic compound that inhibits protein synthesis at the 30S ribosomal subunit.

Normal Daily Doses: 100 mg po q12 h on day 1, then 100 mg po bid x 7 d or 300 mg po single dose

Metabolism: Hepatic 50%

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18
Q

Sustiva

A

Generic Name: efavirenz

Class: antiretroviral agent, reverse transcriptase inhibitor

Uses: treatment of HIV-1 infection

MOA: binds to HIV reverse transcriptase, blocking the RNA-dependent and DNA-dependent DNA polymerase activities including HIV-1 replication

Normal Daily Doses: 600 mg po daily hs

Metabolism: Hepatic substrate of via CYP3A4/5. 2B6; inhibits CYP2C9 and 2C19; induces CYP3A4/5

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19
Q

Truvada

A

Generic Name: emtricitabine/ tenofovir disoproxil

Class: antiretroviral agent, reverse transcriptase inhibitor

Uses: treatment of HIV-1 infection

MOA: emtricitabine is a cytidine analogue while tenofovir is an analogue of adenosine 5’-monophosphate. Each drug interferes with HIV viral RNA-dependent DNA polymerase resulting in inhibition of viral replication

Normal Daily Doses: emtricitabine/tenofovir 200mg/300mg po daily

Metabolism: minimal; tenofovir induces P-gp

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20
Q

Baraclude

A

Generic Name: entecavir

Class: antiretroviral agent, reverse transcriptase inhibitor

Uses: treatment of chronic HBV infection

MOA: intracellularly phosphorylated to guanosine triphosphate which competes with natural substrates to effectively inhibit HBV polymerase; enzyme inhibition blocks reverse transcriptase activity thereby reducing viral DNA synthesis

Normal Daily Doses: 0.5-1 mg po daily

Metabolism: not metabolized

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21
Q

Dificid

A

Generic Name: fidaxomicin

Class: macrolide antibiotic

Uses: D. difficile infection

MOA: antibacterial agent that acts locally in the GI tract on C. difficile via inhibition of RNA polymerases

Normal Daily Doses: 300 mg po bid x 10 d

Metabolism: intestinal hydrolysis to less active metabolite (OP-1118)

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22
Q

Diflucan

A

Generic Name: fluconazole

Class: imidazole antifungal

Uses: candidal vulvovaginitis, candidiasis, cryptococcal meningitis, oropharyngeal candidiasis

MOA: inhibits biosynthesis of ergosterol or other sterols, damaging the fungal cell wall membrane and altering its permeability

Normal Daily Doses: 150 mg po x 7-14 d

Metabolism: minimal metabolism, but moderate inhibitor of CYP2C9,3A4/5 and strong inhibitor of CYP2C19

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23
Q

Zymaxid

A

Generic Name: gatifloxacin ophthalmic

Class: fluoroquinolone antibiotic

Uses: bacterial conjunctivitis

MOA: inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV. It is highly active against aerobic, gram-negative bacilli

Normal Daily Doses: 1 drop to affected eye(s) q2h while awake on day 1, then qid while awake for 6 more d

Metabolism: Not absorbed

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24
Q

Hiberix, PedvaxHIB, ActHIB

A

Generic Name: haemophilus influenzae, type B vaccine

Class: vaccine, inactivated, bacterial

Uses: prevention of invasive H. influenzae type b infection

MOA: n/a

Normal Daily Doses:
ActHIB doses at 2,4,6 and 12-15 mo of age primary series
PedvaxHIB doses: 2,4, and 12-15 mo are used
Hiberix: can be used only for the last dose for children 12 mo to 4 y of age

Metabolism: n/a

25
Havrix, Vaqta
Generic Name: hepatitis a vaccine Class: vaccine, inactivated, viral Uses: hepatitis a prophylaxis MOA: n/a Normal Daily Doses: inject units IM once, with a 2nd dose 6-12 months later, or Vaqta 50 units IM once, with a 2nd dose 6-18 mo later; children 12 mo to 18 y Metabolism: n/a
26
Engerix-B, Recombivax HB
Generic Name: hepatitis b vaccine Class: vaccine, inactivated, viral Uses: prevention of hepatitis b infection MOA: n/a Normal Daily Doses: Engerix 20 mcg IM or Recombivax 10 mcg IM given once, with 2 additional doses given 1 and 5 mo later Metabolism: n/a
27
Gardasil 9
Generic Name: human papillomavirus vaccine Class: vaccine, inactivated, viral Uses: prevention of human papillomavirus infection, cancer and precancerous lesions of the cervix, vulva, vagina, and anus and genital warts MOA: n/a Normal Daily Doses: 0.5 mL at 0,2, and 6 mo; children >9 y of age and <15 y of age, 2 dose series, 0.5 mL, AT 0 AND 6-12 mo Metabolism: n/a
28
Plaquenil
Generic Name: hydroxychloroquine Class: aminoquinoline Uses: lupus, malaria, rheumatoid arthritis MOA: unknown Normal Daily Doses: 200-400 mg po daily Metabolism: 40% and occurs by unknown enzymes
29
Zyclara, Aldara
Generic Name: Imiquimod Class: immune response modifier Uses: actinic keratosis, condyloma acuminatum, superficial basal cell carcinoma MOA: toll-like receptor 7 agonist that induces cytokines, including interferon-alpha and others Normal Daily Doses: apply topically to affected treatment area once daily at bedtime for 2 wk, followed by 2 wk of no treatment and repeat for another 2 wk; apply topically once daily 5 times per wk x 6 wk Metabolism: unknown
30
Alfuria, Fluad, Flublok, Fluzone, FluLaval, Fluarix
Generic Name: influenza virus vaccine Class: vaccine, inactivated, viral Uses: prevention of influenza infection MOA: n/a Normal Daily Doses: Metabolism: n/a
31
Nizoral
Generic Name: ketoconazole Class: imidazole antifungal Uses: candidiasis of skin, dandruff, pityriasis versicolor, seborrheic dermatitis, tinea corporis, tinea cruris, tinea pedis MOA: inhibits biosynthesis of ergosterol or other sterols, damaging the fungal cell wall membrane and altering its permeability Normal Daily Doses: apply topically once daily for 2 wk Metabolism: minimal absorption
32
Levaquin
Generic Name: levofloxacin Class: fluoroquinolone antibiotic Uses: bacterial prostatitis, bacterial sinusitis, bronchitis, chronic, acute bacterial exacerbation, community acquired pneumonia, infection of skin and/or subcutaneous tissue, pyelonephritis MOA: inhibits bacterial DAN gyrase, an enzyme responsible for the unwinding of DNA for transcription and subsequent supercoiling of DNA for packaging into chromosomal subunits. It is highly active against aerobic, gram-negative bacilli Normal Daily Doses: 500-750 mg daily x 7 d Metabolism: not metabolized
33
Selzentry
Generic Name: maraviroc Class: antiretroviral agent, CCR5 antagonist Uses: treatment of CCR5-tropic HIV-1 infection MOA: selectively and reversibly binds to the chemkine receptor coreceptors located on human CD4 cells. Normal Daily Doses: 300 mg po bid Metabolism: hepatic CYP3A4/5
34
M-M-R II
Generic Name: measles, mumps, rubella vaccine Class: vaccine, live, viral Uses: prevention of measles, mumps, and rubella infection MOA: n/a Normal Daily Doses: 1 dose indicated for adults born after 1957; children, 1 dose at 12-15 mo of age with a 2nd dose at 406 y of age, prior to entering school Metabolism: n/a
35
Menactra, Menveo Trumenba, Bexsero
Generic Name: Meningococcal vaccine Class: vaccine, inactivated, bacterial Uses: prevention of invasive meningococcal disease caused by serotypes A, C, Y, W-135 MOA: n/a Normal Daily Doses: Metabolism: n/a
36
Flagyl
Generic Name: metronidazole Class: nitroimidazole antibiotic, antiprotozoal Uses: abscess, amebic dysentery, bacterial vaginosis, trichomoniasis MOA: synthetic nitroimidazole; it is a bactericidal against nearly all obligate anaerobic bacteria Normal Daily Doses: 500 mg po bid x 7 d Metabolism: hepatic 30-60% via glucuronidation; moderate CYP3A4/5 inhibitor
37
Minocin
Generic Name: minocycline Class: tetracycline antibiotic Uses: acne vulgaris, bacterial infectious disease MOA: inhibit protein synthesis at the 30S ribosomal subunit Normal Daily Doses: single 200 mg loading dose, then 100 mg bid Metabolism: hepatically metabolized. extent unknown
38
Avelox
Generic Name: moxifloxacin Class: fluoroquinolone antibiotic Uses: acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis, bacterial sinusitis, community-acquired pneumonia, infection of skin and/or sq tissue, complicated intra-abdominal infections MOA: inhibits bacterial topoisomerase II and IV Normal Daily Doses: 400 mg po daily Metabolism: 52% hepatic via glucuronide and sulfate conjugation
39
Vigamox, Moxeza
Generic Name: Moxifloxacin Ophthalmic Class: fluoroquinolone antibiotic, ophthalmic Uses: bacterial conjunctivitis MOA: inhibits bacterial topoisomerase II and IV Normal Daily Doses: 1 drop to affected eye(s) bid (moxeza) or tid (vigamox) x 7 d Metabolism: not absorbed
40
Bactroban
Generic Name: mupirocin Class: topical antibacterial Uses: impetigo, secondary skin infection, eradication of nasal colonization of MRS during institutional outbreaks MOA: antibacterial agent active against a wide range of gram-positive bacteria including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus Normal Daily Doses: apply topically tid x 3-5 d Metabolism: not absorbed
41
Alinia
Generic Name: nitazoxanide Class: antiprotozoal Uses: diarrhea caused by C. parvum or G. lamblia MOA: interference with the pyruvate: ferredoxin oxidoreductase enzyme-dependent electron transfer reaction, which is essential to anaerobic metabolism of protozoans Normal Daily Doses: 100-200 mg q12h x 3 d Metabolism: metabolized to 1 active metabolite by plasma esterases
42
Macrobid, Macrodantin
Generic Name: nitrofurantoin Class: nitrofuran antibiotic Uses: urinary tract infections MOA: inactivates bacterial ribosomes and is bactericidal in urine at therapeutic doses Normal Daily Doses: 100 mg po bid x 5-7 d Metabolism: metabolism in all tissues to inactive metabolite
43
Bio-Statin
Generic Name: nystatin systemic Class: polyene antifungal Uses: GI candidiasis, oropharyngeal candidiasis MOA: binds to the sterols in fungal cell walls, damaging the fungal cell wall membrane and altering its permeability for leakage of cellular contents Normal Daily Doses: 500,000-1,000,000 units po tid Metabolism: minimal absorption
44
Nystop, Mycostatin, Nyamyc
Generic Name: Nystatin topical Class: polyene antifungal Uses: candidiasis of skin MOA: binds to the sterols in fungal cell walls, damaging the fungal cell wall membrane and altering its permeability allowing for leakage of cellular contents Normal Daily Doses: apply liberally to affected areas topically bid-tid until healing complete Metabolism: not absorbed
45
Tamiflu
Generic Name: oseltamivir Class: neuraminidase inhibitor, antiviral Uses: influenza virus types A and B MOA: inhibitor of influenza virus neuraminidase which prevents viral progeny detaching from the cellular envelope Normal Daily Doses: Metabolism: oseltamivir phosphate is a prodrug that is extensively metabolized to oseltamivir carboxylate by ester hydrolysis
46
Penicillin
Generic Name: Class: antibiotic Uses: bacterial endocarditis, otitis media, streptococcal pharyngitis, erysipelas, mild infection or step down therapy MOA: active against most gram-positive organisms and some gram-negative organisms Normal Daily Doses: 250-500 mg po q6h Metabolism: not metabolized
47
Daptacel, Adacel, Boostrix, Infanrix
Generic Name: pertussis Class: vaccine, inactivated, bacterial Uses: prevention of pertussis MOA: n/a Normal Daily Dose: children, all infants at age 2,4,6 and 12-15 mo, and a 5th dose at age 4-6 y, as primary series of DTaP; DTaP at age 11-12 y; single dose of Tdap for all adults at next opportunity Metabolism: n/a
48
Prevnar13, Pneumovax23, Vaxneuvance, Prevnar 20
Generic Name: Pneumococcal vaccine Class: vaccine, inactivated, bacterial Uses: prevention of invasive pneumococcal disease MOA: n/a Normal Daily Dose: adults >65 y of age: single dose 0.5 mL IM; children: single dose 0.5 mL IM at 2,4,6, and 12-15 mo of age as primary series Metabolism: n/a
49
Ipol
Generic Name: poliovirus Class: vaccine, inactivated, viral Uses: prevention of poliomyelitis MOA: n/a Normal Daily Dose: children: one 0.5mL IM or SC at 2,4, and 6-18 mo of age, and a booster at 4-6 y of age as primary series Metabolism: n/a
50
Isentress
Generic Name: raltegravir Class: antiretroviral agent, integrase inhibitor Uses: treatment of HIV-1 infection in combination with other antiretroviral agents MOA: inhibits the catalytic activity of HIV-1 integrase, thus preventing integration of viral DNA into the host strand Normal Daily Dose: 400 mg po bid Metabolism: via UGT1A1to an inactive metabolite
51
Rotarix, RotaTeq
Generic Name: rotavirus Class: vaccine, live, viral Uses: prophylaxis of viral gastroenteritis due to rotavirus infection MOA: n/a Normal Daily Dose: Metabolism: n/a
52
Lamisil
Generic Name: terbinafine Class: miscellaneous antifungals Uses: treats infections caused by fungus that affect the fingernails or toenails MOA: kills fungus by inhibiting the enzyme squalene epoxidase, which prevents the conversation of squalene to squalene oxide Normal Daily Dose: 250 mg po once a day Metabolism: hepatic pathway CYP2C9
53
Daptacel, Infanrix, Adacel, Boostrix
Generic Name: tetanus toxoid Class: vaccine, inactivated, bacterial Uses: prevention of tetanus MOA: n/a Normal Daily Dose: children, all infants at 2,4,6, and 12-15 mo of age, and a 5th dose at 4-6 y of age, as primary series of DTaP Tdap every 10 y for adults and children >7 y of age Metabolism: n/a
54
Bactrim, Septra
Generic Name: trimethoprim (TMP)/ sulfamethoxazole (SMZ) Class: sulfonamide antibiotic Uses: acute infective exacerbation of COPD; HIV infection, traveler's diarrhea, UTI MOA: SMZ: inhibits the synthesis of dihydropteroic acid TMP: inhibits the enzymatic reduction of dihydro folic acid to tetrahydro folic acid Normal Daily Dose: 800 mg SMZ and 160 mg TMP po bid x 10-14 d Metabolism: hepatic metabolism >90%, TMP is CYP2C9 and CYP3A4/5 substrate; TMP is moderate inhibitor of CYP2C8 and CYP2C9
55
Valtrex
Generic Name: valacyclovir Class: viral DNA polymerase inhibitor Uses: genital herpes simplex; herpes zoster (shingles); varicella; herpes labialis (cold sores) MOA: valacyclovir is a prodrug of acyclovir-- acyclic nucleoside analogue of deoxyguanosine that is selectively phosphorylated by the virus-encoded thymidine kinase to its monophosphate form. Normal Daily Dose: 1 g po bid Metabolism: hepatic; rapidly and nearly completely to acyclovir and L-valine
56
Varivax
Generic Name: varicella Class: vaccine, live, viral Uses: prevention of varicella infection MOA: n/a Normal Daily Dose: adults: 2 doses separately by at least 4 wk; children: 1 dose at 12 mo of age with a 2nd >3 mo later Metabolism: n/a
57
Shingrix
Generic Name: zooster Class: vaccine, recombinant Uses: prevention of herpes zoster (zoster, shingles) MOA: n/a Normal Daily Dose: adults: >50 y of age, 0.5 mL IM as a 2-dose with second dose between 2 and 6 mo after the first dose Metabolism: n/a
58

Top 300 Drugs (8 decks)

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