anti-infective Flashcards by David Purk

Indications for aerosolized pentamidine

Prevention of Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP)
in HIV-infected patients with history of one or
more episodes of PCP or a peripheral CD4+ (T4
helper cell) lymphocyte count of 200/mm3 or
less

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Indications for aerosolized _______?

Prevention of Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP)
in HIV-infected patients with history of one or
more episodes of PCP or a peripheral CD4+ (T4
helper cell) lymphocyte count of 200/mm3 or
less

pentamidine

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Indications for ______ pentamidine

Prevention of Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP)
in HIV-infected patients with history of one or
more episodes of PCP or a peripheral CD4+ (T4
helper cell) lymphocyte count of 200/mm3 or
less

aerosolized

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Indications for aerosolized pentamidine

Prevention of ______ _______ in HIV-infected patients with history of one or
more episodes of PCP or a peripheral CD4+ (T4
helper cell) lymphocyte count of 200/mm3 or
less

Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP)

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Indications for aerosolized pentamidine

Prevention of Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP)
in HIV-infected patients with history of ___ or
____ episodes of PCP or a peripheral CD4+ (T4
helper cell) lymphocyte count of 200/mm3 or
less

One or more

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Indications for aerosolized pentamidine

Prevention of Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP)
in ______ patients with history of one or
more episodes of PCP or a peripheral CD4+ (T4
helper cell) lymphocyte count of 200/mm3 or
less

HIV-infected

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Indications for aerosolized pentamidine

Prevention of Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP)
in HIV patients with history of one or
more episodes of PCP or a ______ (T4
helper cell) lymphocyte count of 200/mm3 or
less

peripheral CD4+

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Indications for aerosolized pentamidine

Prevention of Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP)
in HIV patients with history of one or
more episodes of PCP or a peripheral CD4+ (T4
helper cell) _____ count of 200/mm3 or
less

lymphocyte

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Indications for aerosolized pentamidine

Prevention of Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP)
in HIV patients with history of one or
more episodes of PCP or a peripheral CD4+ (T4
helper cell) lymphocyte count of _____ or
_____

200/mm3 or Less

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Indications for aerosolized ribavirin

 Treatment of hospitalized infants with severe
lower respiratory tract infection caused by
respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)

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Indications for aerosolized _____

 Treatment of hospitalized infants with severe
lower respiratory tract infection caused by
respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)

ribavirin

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Indications for aerosolized ribavirin

 Treatment of hospitalized _____ with severe
lower respiratory tract infection caused by
respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)

infants

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Indications for aerosolized ribavirin

 Treatment of hospitalized infants with severe
____ ______ _____ ______ caused by
respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)

lower respiratory tract infection

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Indications for aerosolized ribavirin

 Treatment of hospitalized infants with severe
lower respiratory tract infection caused by
______ ______ _______?

respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)

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Indications for _____ ribavirin

 Treatment of hospitalized infants with severe
lower respiratory tract infection caused by
respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)

aerosolized

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Indications for aerosolized ribavirin

 Treatment of______ infants with severe
lower respiratory tract infection caused by
respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)

hospitalized

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Indications for aerosolized ribavirin

 Treatment of hospitalized infants with _____ lower respiratory tract infection caused by
respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)

severe

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Indications for aerosolized tobramycin

 Management of chronic Pseudomonas
aeruginosa infection in cystic fibrosis

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Indications for aerosolized _____

Management of chronic Pseudomonas
aeruginosa infection in cystic fibrosis

tobramycin

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Indications for aerosolized tobramycin

 Management of chronic ____ ______ infection in cystic fibrosis

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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Indications for aerosolized tobramycin

 Management of chronic Pseudomonas
aeruginosa infection in _______ ______

cystic fibrosis

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Indications for aerosolized tobramycin

 Management of _____ Pseudomonas
aeruginosa infection in cystic fibrosis

chronic

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Indications for aerosolized tobramycin

________ of chronic Pseudomonas
aeruginosa infection in cystic fibrosis

Management

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 Indications for inhaled zanamivir

 Influenza virus in adults and children age 5
years or over, who have been symptomatic for
no more than 2 days

4 x

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 Indications for inhaled zanamivir _______ in adults and children age 5 years or over, who have been symptomatic for no more than 2 days

Influenza virus

 Indications for inhaled zanamivir  Influenza virus in adults and children age 5 years or over, who have been symptomatic for no more than _ days

 Indications for inhaled zanamivir  Influenza virus in adults and children age _ years or over, who have been symptomatic for no more than 2 days

 Indications for inhaled _____  Influenza virus in adults and children age 5 years or over, who have been symptomatic for no more than 2 days

zanamivir

 Indications for inhaled zanamivir  Influenza virus in adults and children age 5 years or over, who have been_____ for no more than 2 days

symptomatic

 Indications for inhaled zanamivir  Influenza virus in _____ and _____ age 5 years or over, who have been symptomatic for no more than 2 days

adults and children

 Indications for inhaled zanamivir  Influenza virus in adults and children age 5 years or over, who have been symptomatic for _____ ____ than 2 days

no more

What would you give infants with severe lower respiratory tract infection caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)

ribavirin

Pentamidine Trade name

NebuPent

Pentamidine/NebuPent dosage

300mg powder in | 6mL sterile water

Pentamidine/NebuPent Frequency

Once per month

Pentamidine/NebuPent Indications

PCP | Prophylaxis

What drug would be given for Management of chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in cystic fibrosis

tobramycin

Ribavirin trade name

Virazole

Ribavirin/Virazole dosage

6g powder in | 300mL sterile water

Ribavirin/Virazole frequency

12-18 hr/day for 3-7 days

Ribavirin/Virazole Route

SPAG NEB

Ribavirin/Virazole Indication

(RSV) respiratory syncytial virus

What medicine would you give for Influenza virus in adults and children age 5 years or over, who have been symptomatic for no more than 2 days

zanamivir

Tobramycin trade name

TOBI

Tobramycin/TOBI dosage

300 mg/5mL ampule

Tobramycin/TOBI Frequency

28 days | on 28 days

Tobramycin/TOBI Indications

Pseudomonas | aeruginosa in CF

INDICATIONS for these medications

Used as adjunct to systemic therapy

For topical deposition of agents inappropriate | for systemic administration

Nystatin

For topical deposition with pulmonary infection where perfusion is limited and systemic therapy has failed

aspergillosis

For topical deposition of agent that is more | effective by this route

pentamidine

Indication To eliminate an organism that is colonizing the _____ ______(infected sputum in cystic fibrosis of bronchiectasis)

respiratory tract

Indication To reduce the severity of ______ _____ ____(some agents are poorly absorbed in the lungs)

systemic side effects

``` LIMITATIONS -DISADVANTAGES  Therapy is patient ______ Bronchospasm  Systemic side effects may occur  Drugs may be inactivated by sputum proteins  Drug may not be deposited in desired site  Dosages have not been determined ```

dependent

``` LIMITATIONS -DISADVANTAGES  Therapy is patient dependent  _________  Systemic side effects may occur  Drugs may be inactivated by sputum proteins  Drug may not be deposited in desired site  Dosages have not been determined ```

Bronchospasm

``` LIMITATIONS -DISADVANTAGES  Therapy is patient dependent  Bronchospasm  ______ ______ effects may occur  Drugs may be inactivated by sputum proteins  Drug may not be deposited in desired site  Dosages have not been determined ```

Systemic side

``` LIMITATIONS -DISADVANTAGES  Therapy is patient dependent  Bronchospasm  Systemic side effects may occur  Drugs may be _______ by sputum proteins  Drug may not be deposited in desired site  Dosages have not been determined ```

inactivated

``` LIMITATIONS -DISADVANTAGES  Therapy is patient dependent  Bronchospasm  Systemic side effects may occur  Drugs may be inactivated by ____ ____  Drug may not be deposited in desired site  Dosages have not been determined ```

sputum proteins

``` LIMITATIONS -DISADVANTAGES  Therapy is patient dependent  Bronchospasm  Systemic side effects may occur  Drugs may be inactivated by sputum proteins  Drug may not be _______ in desired site  Dosages have not been determined ```

deposited

``` LIMITATIONS -DISADVANTAGES  Therapy is patient dependent  Bronchospasm  Systemic side effects may occur  Drugs may be inactivated by sputum proteins  Drug may not be deposited in desired site  Dosages have not been ______ ```

determined

Dosages

Optimal delivery and equipment techniques | have not been determined

hmmm

AEROSOLIZED PENTAMIDINE  Anti-protozoal agent is the agent against P. carinii, agent for PCP  Preventative as second-line for PCP in high –risk HIV pts who have a history of one or more episodes of PCP or a peripheral CD4+ (T4 helper cell) lymphocyte count of ≤ 200/mm3.  If given IV or IM the drug goes to liver, kidneys and pancreas. Bind to tissues.  Can be seen in urine 270 days later

Read this

AEROSOLIZED PENTAMIDINE  _____-_____ agent is the agent against P. carinii, agent for PCP 

Anti-protozoal

AEROSOLIZED PENTAMIDINE |  Anti-protozoal agent is the agent against ____ _____, agent for PCP

P. carinii

AEROSOLIZED PENTAMIDINE  Preventative as_____-_____ for PCP in high –risk HIV pts who have a history of one or more episodes of PCP or a peripheral CD4+ (T4 helper cell) lymphocyte count of ≤ 200/mm3.

Second-line

AEROSOLIZED PENTAMIDINE  Preventative as second-line for PCP in high –risk ___ pts who have a history of one or more episodes of PCP or a peripheral CD4+ (T4 helper cell) lymphocyte count of ≤ 200/mm3.

HIV

AEROSOLIZED PENTAMIDINE   Preventative as second-line for PCP in high –risk HIV pts who have a history of ____________ of PCP or a peripheral CD4+ (T4 helper cell) lymphocyte count of ≤ 200/mm3.

One or more episodes

AEROSOLIZED PENTAMIDINE   Preventative as second-line for PCP in high –risk HIV pts who have a history of one or more episodes of PCP or a __________ (T4 helper cell) lymphocyte count of ≤ 200/mm3.

peripheral CD4+

AEROSOLIZED PENTAMIDINE   Preventative as second-line for PCP in high –risk HIV pts who have a history of one or more episodes of PCP or a peripheral CD4+ (______) lymphocyte count of ≤ 200/mm3.

(T4 helper cell)

AEROSOLIZED PENTAMIDINE   Preventative as second-line for PCP in high –risk HIV pts who have a history of one or more episodes of PCP or a peripheral CD4+ (T4 helper cell) _______ count of ≤ 200/mm3.

lymphocyte

AEROSOLIZED PENTAMIDINE   Preventative as second-line for PCP in high –risk HIV pts who have a history of one or more episodes of PCP or a peripheral CD4+ (T4 helper cell) lymphocyte count of _______

≤ 200/mm3.

AEROSOLIZED PENTAMIDINE If given_______ the drug goes to liver, kidneys and pancreas. Bind to tissues.

IV or IM

AEROSOLIZED PENTAMIDINE If given IV or IM the drug goes to____, kidneys and pancreas. Bind to tissues.

liver

AEROSOLIZED PENTAMIDINE If given IV or IM the drug goes to liver, ______ and pancreas. Bind to tissues.

kidneys

AEROSOLIZED PENTAMIDINE If given IV or IM the drug goes to liver, kidneys and ______. Bind to tissues.

pancreas

AEROSOLIZED PENTAMIDINE If given IV or IM the drug goes to liver, kidneys and pancreas. Bind to______.

tissues

AEROSOLIZED PENTAMIDINE Can be seen in ____ 270 days later

urine

AEROSOLIZED ______________  Anti-protozoal agent is the agent against P. carinii, agent for PCP  Preventative as second-line for PCP in high –risk HIV pts who have a history of one or more episodes of PCP or a peripheral CD4+ (T4 helper cell) lymphocyte count of ≤ 200/mm3.  If given IV or IM the drug goes to liver, kidneys and pancreas. Bind to tissues.  Can be seen in urine 270 days later

PENTAMIDINE

``` AEROSOLIZED PENTAMIDINE  Usually lies dormant in lung.  If immunosuppressed - develops  Causes a foamy intraalveolar exudate, which contains cysts of P.carinii  Approved by RespiGuardII neb  SVN fitted with a series of one-way valves and an expiratory filter ```

read

AEROSOLIZED PENTAMIDINE |  Usually lies _____ in lung.

dormant

AEROSOLIZED PENTAMIDINE   If _______ - develops 

immunosuppressed

AEROSOLIZED PENTAMIDINE Causes a foamy______ ______, which contains cysts of P.carinii

intraalveolar exudate

AEROSOLIZED PENTAMIDINE Causes a foamy intraalveolar exudate, which contains cysts of ________

P.carinii

AEROSOLIZED PENTAMIDINE Causes a foamy intraalveolar exudate, which contains _____ of P.carinii

cysts

AEROSOLIZED PENTAMIDINE Approved by _______ neb

RespiGuardII

AEROSOLIZED PENTAMIDINE SVN fitted with a series of ___-_____ valves and an expiratory filter

one-way

AEROSOLIZED PENTAMIDINE SVN_____ with a series of one-way valves and an expiratory filter

fitted

AEROSOLIZED PENTAMIDINE SVN fitted with a series of one-way valves and an _____ _____

expiratory filter

 Description of PCP ________ usually infected at early age  Disease occurs when there is suppression of the immune system  a.k.a. Pneumocystis jiroveci

Mammals

``` Description of PCP  Mammals usually infected at early age  Disease occurs when there is suppression of the ________  a.k.a. Pneumocystis jiroveci ```

immune system

 Rationale for aerosol administration ______ targeted lung delivery, with fewer or less severe side effects compared with systemic administration

Local

 Rationale for aerosol administration Local targeted lung delivery, with _____ _____ severe side effects compared with systemic administration

fewer or less

 Rationale for aerosol administration Local targeted lung delivery, with fewer or less severe _____ ______ compared with systemic administration

side effects

 Rationale for aerosol administration Local targeted lung delivery, with fewer or less severe side effects compared with _______ administration

systemic

Description of PCP  a.k.a. ______ ________

Pneumocystis jiroveci

``` Dosage and Administration  Dosage  300 mg, given by inhalation once every 4 weeks  NebuPent  Dry powder (with 300 mg/vial)  Reconstituted with 6 ml of sterile water  Not saline (can cause precipitation) ```

read

Dosage for PENTAMIDINE

300mg

How often should PENTAMIDINE given?

Once every 4 weeks

What is the route PENTAMIDINE

Dry powder (with 300 mg/vial) maybe also SVN? idk this is the 100th card...

PENTAMIDINE Reconstituted with 6 ml of ______

Sterile Water

PENTAMIDINE What can't you use? and why?

Saline, because it causes precipitation

Administration PENTAMIDINE  Respirgard II nebulizer  Escaped particles may be filtered to limit exposure of healthcare workers  Nebulizer performance  Mass median diameter (MMD) of 1 to 2 μm

read

Administration PENTAMIDINE what kind of nebulizer

Respirgard II

Administration PENTAMIDINE Mass median diameter (MMD) of ______ ____

1 to 2 μm

``` Dosage and Administration PENTAMIDINE  Mode of action  The exact mode of action not known  Blocks RNA and DNA synthesis, inhibits oxidative phosphorylation, and interferes with folate transformation ```  75% of the drug is excreted in urine and 25% in feces

read

``` Dosage and Administration PENTAMIDINE  Mode of action   ```

The exact mode of action not known | 

``` Dosage and Administration PENTAMIDINE  Mode of action Blocks____ and _____ synthesis, inhibits oxidative phosphorylation, and interferes with folate transformation ```

RNA and DNA

``` Dosage and Administration PENTAMIDINE  Mode of action Blocks RNA and DNA synthesis, inhibits ________ _______, and interferes with folate transformation ```

oxidative phosphorylation

``` Dosage and Administration PENTAMIDINE  Mode of action Blocks RNA and DNA synthesis, inhibits oxidative phosphorylation, and interferes with _____ transformation ```

folate

``` Dosage and Administration PENTAMIDINE  Mode of action _____ RNA and DNA synthesis, ______ oxidative phosphorylation, and ______with folate transformation ```

Blocks inhibits interferes

Dosage and Administration PENTAMIDINE  Side effects (parenteral administration)  Pain, swelling, and abscess formation at the site of injection, with intramuscular administration  Thrombophlebitis and urticarial eruptions, with intravenous administration  Hypoglycemia (up to 62% of patients), with a cumulative cytotoxic effect on pancreatic beta cells  Impaired renal function and azotemia  Hypotension  Leukopenia  Hepatic dysfunction

read

Dosage and Administration PENTAMIDINE  Side effects (parenteral administration)  Pain, swelling, and abscess formation at the site of injection, with _______ _________

intramuscular administration

Dosage and Administration PENTAMIDINE  Side effects (parenteral administration Thrombophlebitis and urticarial eruptions, with ________ administration

intravenous

Dosage and Administration PENTAMIDINE  Side effects (parenteral administration _________ and urticarial eruptions, with intravenous administration

Thrombophlebitis

Dosage and Administration PENTAMIDINE  Side effects (parenteral administration Thrombophlebitis and_________, with intravenous administration

urticarial eruptions

Dosage and Administration PENTAMIDINE  Side effects (parenteral administration) ________ (up to 62% of patients), with a cumulative cytotoxic effect on pancreatic beta cells

Hypoglycemia

Dosage and Administration PENTAMIDINE  Side effects (parenteral administration) Hypoglycemia (up to 62% of patients), with a cumulative______ effect on pancreatic beta cells

cytotoxic

Dosage and Administration PENTAMIDINE  Side effects (parenteral administration) Hypoglycemia (up to 62% of patients), with a cumulative cytotoxic effect on pancreatic ____ cells

beta

Dosage and Administration PENTAMIDINE  Side effects (parenteral administration) Impaired_______ and azotemia  Hypotension  Leukopenia  Hepatic dysfunction

renal function

Dosage and Administration PENTAMIDINE  Side effects (parenteral administration) Impaired renal function and ______  Hypotension  Leukopenia  Hepatic dysfunction

azotemia

Dosage and Administration PENTAMIDINE  Side effects (parenteral administration) Impaired renal function and azotemia  _______  Leukopenia  Hepatic dysfunction

Hypotension

Dosage and Administration PENTAMIDINE  Side effects (parenteral administration) Impaired renal function and azotemia  Hypotension ________  Hepatic dysfunction

Leukopenia

Dosage and Administration PENTAMIDINE  Side effects (parenteral administration) ``` Impaired renal function and azotemia  Hypotension Leukopenia ________  ```

Hepatic dysfunction

``` Dosage and Administration PENTAMIDINE Side effects (aerosol administration) ```  Cough and bronchial irritation in 36% of patients in one study Shortness of breath  Bad taste (bitter or burning) of the aerosol impacting in the oropharynx  Bronchospasm and wheezing in 11% of patients  Spontaneous pneumothoraces  Conjunctivitis  Rash  Neutropenia  Pancreatitis  Renal insufficiency  Dysglycemia (hypoglycemia and diabetes)  Digital necrosis in both feet  Appearance of extrapulmonary P. jiroveci infection

READ

``` Dosage and Administration PENTAMIDINE Side effects (aerosol administration) ``` ______ and _______ irritation in 36% of patients in one study

Cough and bronchial

``` Dosage and Administration PENTAMIDINE Side effects (aerosol administration) ``` _____ of breath

Shortness

``` Dosage and Administration PENTAMIDINE Side effects (aerosol administration) ``` Bad taste (bitter or burning) of the aerosol impacting in the ______

oropharynx

``` Dosage and Administration PENTAMIDINE Side effects (aerosol administration) ``` ______ and _______ in 11% of patients

Bronchospasm and wheezing

``` Dosage and Administration PENTAMIDINE Side effects (aerosol administration) ``` Spontaneous ________?

pneumothoraces

``` Dosage and Administration PENTAMIDINE Side effects (aerosol administration) ``` ``` ___________  Rash  Neutropenia  Pancreatitis  Renal insufficiency ```

Conjunctivitis

``` Dosage and Administration PENTAMIDINE Side effects (aerosol administration) ``` ``` Conjunctivitis  ______  Neutropenia  Pancreatitis  Renal insufficiency ```

Rash

``` Dosage and Administration PENTAMIDINE Side effects (aerosol administration) ``` ``` Conjunctivitis  Rash  Neutropenia  Pancreatitis  _______ ```

Renal insufficiency

``` Dosage and Administration PENTAMIDINE Side effects (aerosol administration) ``` ``` Conjunctivitis  Rash  _______  Pancreatitis  Renal insufficiency ```

Neutropenia

``` Dosage and Administration PENTAMIDINE Side effects (aerosol administration) ``` ``` Conjunctivitis  Rash  Neutropenia  _______  Renal insufficiency ```

Pancreatitis

``` Dosage and Administration PENTAMIDINE Side effects (______ administration) ```  Cough and bronchial irritation in 36% of patients in one study Shortness of breath  Bad taste (bitter or burning) of the aerosol impacting in the oropharynx  Bronchospasm and wheezing in 11% of patients  Spontaneous pneumothoraces  Conjunctivitis  Rash  Neutropenia  Pancreatitis  Renal insufficiency  Dysglycemia (hypoglycemia and diabetes)  Digital necrosis in both feet  Appearance of extrapulmonary P. jiroveci infection

aerosol

``` Dosage and Administration PENTAMIDINE Side effects (aerosol administration) ``` _______ (hypoglycemia and diabetes)

Dysglycemia

``` Dosage and Administration PENTAMIDINE Side effects (aerosol administration) ``` Digital _____ in both feet

necrosis

``` Dosage and Administration PENTAMIDINE Side effects (aerosol administration) ``` Digital necrosis in both ____

feet

``` Dosage and Administration PENTAMIDINE Side effects (aerosol administration) ``` Appearance of extrapulmonary _______ infection

P. jiroveci

``` Dosage and Administration PENTAMIDINE Side effects (aerosol administration) ``` Appearance of ______ P. jiroveci infection

extrapulmonary

``` Dosage and Administration PENTAMIDINE  Preventing airway effects  β-Adrenergic bronchodilator  Parasympatholytic  Small particle size  Reduces airway impaction and increases alveolar deposition ```

read

``` Dosage and Administration PENTAMIDINE  ________ airway effects  β-Adrenergic bronchodilator  Parasympatholytic  Small particle size  Reduces airway impaction and increases alveolar depositiondeposition ```

Preventing

``` Dosage and Administration PENTAMIDINE  Preventing airway effects _-_______ bronchodilator  Parasympatholytic  Small particle size  Reduces airway impaction and increases alveolar deposition ```

β-Adrenergic

``` Dosage and Administration PENTAMIDINE  Preventing airway effects  β-Adrenergic bronchodilator  ____________  Small particle size  Reduces airway impaction and increases alveolar deposition ```

Parasympatholytic

``` Dosage and Administration PENTAMIDINE  Preventing airway effects  β-Adrenergic bronchodilator  Parasympatholytic  ______ particle size  Reduces airway impaction and increases alveolar deposition ```

Small

``` Dosage and Administration PENTAMIDINE  Preventing airway effects  β-Adrenergic bronchodilator  Parasympatholytic  Small particle size  ______ airway impaction and_______ alveolar deposition ```

Reduces; increases

Dosage and Administration PENTAMIDINE Additional environmental precautions  Administer aerosol in a negative-pressure room, with six air changes per hour, or consider using an isolation booth/hood assembly with an exhaust fan and air directed through a high-efficiency filter  Use barrier protection (gloves, mask, eyewear) for healthcare workers  Screen patients with HIV infection for TB, and treat where evidence of infection exists  Do not allow treatment patients to mix with others until coughing subsides  Healthcare workers should periodically screen themselves for TB  Pregnant women and nursing mothers should avoid exposure to the drug and all practitioners should limit

Read

Dosage and Administration PENTAMIDINE Additional environmental precautions Administer aerosol in a ______-_____ room, with six air changes per hour, or consider using an isolation booth/hood assembly with an exhaust fan and air directed through a high-efficiency filter

negative-pressure

Dosage and Administration PENTAMIDINE Additional environmental precautions Administer aerosol in a negative-pressure room, with ___ air changes per hour, or consider using an isolation booth/hood assembly with an exhaust fan and air directed through a high-efficiency filter

six

isolation booth/hood

Dosage and Administration PENTAMIDINE Additional environmental precautions  Administer aerosol in a negative-pressure room, with six air changes per ____, or consider using an isolation booth/hood assembly with an exhaust fan and air directed through a high-efficiency filter

hour

exhaust fan

high-efficiency

isolation

Dosage and Administration PENTAMIDINE Additional environmental precautions Use _____ protection (gloves, mask, eyewear) for healthcare workers

barrier

Dosage and Administration PENTAMIDINE Additional environmental precautions Screen patients with _____ _____ for TB, and treat where evidence of infection exists

HIV infection

Dosage and Administration PENTAMIDINE Additional environmental precautions Screen patients with HIV infection for ___, and treat where evidence of infection exists

Dosage and Administration PENTAMIDINE Additional environmental precautions Do not allow treatment patients to ____ with others until coughing subsides

mix

Dosage and Administration PENTAMIDINE Additional environmental precautions Do not allow treatment patients to mix with others until ______ subsides

coughing

Dosage and Administration PENTAMIDINE Additional environmental precautions Healthcare workers should periodically screen themselves for ___

Dosage and Administration PENTAMIDINE Additional environmental precautions  _______ and nursing mothers should avoid exposure to the drug and all practitioners should limit

Pregnant women

Dosage and Administration PENTAMIDINE Additional environmental precautions  Pregnant women and _________ should avoid exposure to the drug and all practitioners should limit

nursing mothers

Aerosol therapy for prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: Clinical application  2004 CDC recommendations  _______-_____ –sulfamethoxazole (TMP–SMX) was preferred for prophylaxis of PCP, as long as adverse side effects from TMP–SMX were absent or acceptable  Aerosolized pentamidine was not recommended as therapy for prophylaxis of PCP

Oral trimethoprim

Aerosol therapy for prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: Clinical application  2004 CDC recommendations  Oral trimethoprim–________ (TMP–SMX) was preferred for prophylaxis of PCP, as long as adverse side effects from TMP–SMX were absent or acceptable  Aerosolized pentamidine was not recommended as therapy for prophylaxis of PCP

sulfamethoxazole

Aerosol therapy for prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: Clinical application  2004 CDC recommendations  Oral trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole (TMP–SMX) was preferred for ______ of PCP, as long as adverse side effects from TMP–SMX were absent or acceptable  Aerosolized pentamidine was not recommended as therapy for prophylaxis of PCP

prophylaxis

Aerosol therapy for prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: Clinical application  2004 CDC recommendations  Oral trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole (TMP–SMX) was preferred for prophylaxis of PCP, as long as adverse side effects from ____-____ were absent or acceptable  Aerosolized pentamidine was not recommended as therapy for prophylaxis of PCP

TMP–SMX

Aerosol therapy for prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: Clinical application  2004 CDC recommendations  Oral trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole (TMP–SMX) was preferred for prophylaxis of PCP, as long as adverse side effects from TMP–SMX were _______ _____  Aerosolized pentamidine was not recommended as therapy for prophylaxis of PCP

absent or acceptable

Aerosol therapy for prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: Clinical application  2004 CDC recommendations  Oral trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole (TMP–SMX) was preferred for prophylaxis of PCP, as long as adverse side effects from TMP–SMX were absent or acceptable  Aerosolized pentamidine was _________ was therapy for prophylaxis of PCP

not recommended

Aerosol therapy for prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: Clinical application  2004 CDC recommendations  Oral trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole (TMP–SMX) was preferred for prophylaxis of PCP, as long as adverse side effects from TMP–SMX were absent or acceptable  Aerosolized pentamidine was not recommended as therapy for prophylaxis of PCP

READ

Aerosol therapy for prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: Clinical application  2004 CDC recommendations  Oral trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole (TMP–SMX) was preferred for prophylaxis of PCP, as long as adverse side effects from TMP–SMX were absent or acceptable  Aerosolized pentamidine was not recommended as therapy for _______ of PCP

prophylaxis

Aerosol therapy for prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: Clinical application  2004 CDC recommendations  Oral trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole (TMP–SMX) was preferred for prophylaxis of PCP, as long as adverse side effects from TMP–SMX were absent or acceptable  ______ _______ was not recommended as therapy for prophylaxis of PCP

Aerosolized pentamidine