Anti-Hypertensive MOA Flashcards
Diuretics MOA
- Inhibits loop of Henle and proximal convoluted tubule Na+ and Cl- resorption
- Help kidneys get rid of excess water and sodium, or salt
- Reduces volume of blood that needs to pass through blood vessels, which lowers blood pressure
Name the Diuretics
- Chlorthalidone (Thiazide)
- HCTZ (Thiazide)
- Furosemide (Loop)
- Spironolactone (Potassium-Sparing)
- Triamterene-HCTZ (Potassium-Sparing / Thiazide)
- Losartan-HCTZ (ARB / Thiazide)
- Lisinopril-HCTZ (ACE / Thiazide)
Peripheral Vasodilators MOA
Reduces total peripheral resistance by direct action on vascular smooth muscle, with an effect greater on arterioles than on veins.
Name the Peripheral Vasodilators
- Hydralazine
Alpha-blocker MOA
- Keep brain from sending messages to nervous system telling it to release catecholamines.
- As a result, heart doesn’t pump as hard and blood flows more easily, lowering blood pressure.
Name the Alpha-Blockers
- Clonidine
- Prazosin
ARBs MOA
- Selectively antagonizes angiotensin II receptors
- Protects the blood vessels from angiotensin II.
- In order to tighten blood vessels, angiotensin II must bind with a receptor site. ARBs prevent that from happening. As a result, blood pressure is lowered.
Name the ARBs
- Irbesartan
- Losartan
- Olmesartan
- Valsartan
Calcium Channel Blockers MOA
◦ Inhibits Ca2+ ion influx into vascular smooth muscle and myocardium
◦ To move, all muscles need calcium to flow in and out of the muscle cells.
◦ Calcium channel blockers help block calcium from entering the smooth muscle cells of the heart and blood vessels.
◦ This makes the heart beat with less force and helps blood vessels relax. As a result, blood pressure decreases
Name the Calcium Channel Blockers
- Amlodipine
- Nifedipine
Beta-Blocker MOA
- Block actions of chemicals in body that stimulate heart
- Allows heart to beat with less speed and force.
- Heart pumps less blood through the blood vessels with each beat, so blood pressure decreases
Name the Beta-Blockers
- Atenolol
- Metoprolol
- Nebivolol
- Propanolol
Alpha/Beta-Blockers MOA
- Alpha-beta-blockers have a combined effect.
- Block binding of catecholamine hormones to both alpha- and beta-receptors.
- Can decrease the constriction of blood vessels like alpha-blockers do. They also slow down the rate and force of the heartbeat like beta-blockers do.
Name the Alpha/Beta-Blockers
- Carvedilol
- Labetalol
ACE-Inhibitors MOA
- Inhibit conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II
- Keep the body from making angiotensin II, which causes blood vessels to narrow.
- Lower blood pressure by helping constricted blood vessels expand to let more blood through.
