Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmacology Test 3 > Anti-Hypertensive Medications > Flashcards

Anti-Hypertensive Medications Flashcards

1
Q

HTN

-Long term consequences

A
  1. Hypertension is the # 2 cause of chronic kidney disease after Diabetes
  2. Retinal tears and lose of vision
  3. CHF or HF
  4. Strokes (CVA)
  5. Abdominal Aortic aneurysm AAA (bulge on the side of vessel)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

HTN

-Statistics

A
  1. Death rates from HTN over 3 times for African americans than for white males and females
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Arterial blood pressure =

TEST

A

Cardiac output X systemic vascular resistance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Cardiac Output =

A

Heart Rate X stroke volume

Ejection fraction: How much blood the heart pumps out with each pump. In a healthy person 75% is ejected in each pump.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Systemic Vascular Resistance

A

size of the vessel

What is the pressure when you have a steady amount of water going through a fire hose or garden hose. The pressure increases in the garden hose if you don’t change the volume.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Aldosterone

A

Preserves the bodies sodium. Water always follows sodium so it helps the body retain sodium and water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

HTN

-Treatment Phase 1

A
  1. Phase 1:
    -Life style modification:
    Lower saturated fat & sodium intake.
    Increase fruits and veggies.
    Exercise.
    Lower stress & increase sleep
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

HTN

-Phase 2 treatment (phase 3,4)

A

If lifestyle modification doesn’t work, introduce medication

Step 3 and 4 include increasing or adding meds until desired BP is met

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Anti-Hypertensive

-Forest view adverse effects for all anti-hypertensive’s

A
  1. Hypotension (Orthostatic)
  2. Headache
  3. Dizziness
  4. Fatigue
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Anti-hypertensive

-Beta Blockers (Action)

A
  1. Decrease Heart Rate
  2. Decrease Stroke Volume

Beta blockers end in “olol”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Anti-hypertensive

-Beta Blockers (Contraindications)

A
  1. Respiratory Issues
    - COPD, Asthma –beta blockers cause bronchoconstriction
  2. Diabetes
    - Beta blockers mask the signs of hypoglycemia
    - Beta blockers can increase the effects of hypoglycemics

HOLD MEDICATION IF HEART RATE IS <60

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Anti-hypertensive

-Beta Blockers (Adverse effects)

A
  1. Fatigue
  2. Sexual Dysfunction
  3. Parasympathetic adverse effects

Beta blocker medications End in “olol”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Anti-Hypertensive

-Alpha Blockers (Therapeutic Uses)

A
  1. Not a 1st choice drug
  2. Especially good w/ lowering Diastolic BP
  3. Used in BPH

Doesn’t lower HR.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Anti-Hypertensive

-Alpha Blockers (Action)

A
  1. Compensatory response is to increase HR
  2. Decrease Systemic Vascular Resistance (SVR)
  3. ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION
    - Alpha blockers don’t allow constriction of arterioles which causes a drop in blood pressure in sudden changes of position
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Anti-Hypertensive’s

Calcium Channel Blockers CCB’s (Action)

A
  1. Decrease HR
  2. Decrease Stroke Volume
  3. Vasodilation

Ends in “pine”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Anti-Hypertensive’s

Calcium Channel Blockers CCB’s (Food Interaction)

A
  1. Don’t eat grapefruit or drink grapefruit juice
17
Q

Anti-Hypertensive’s

Calcium Channel Blockers CCB’s (Adverse effects)

A
  1. Can Cause peripheral Edema
    - Tell pt to monitor daily weight
    - REPORT an increase of 2lbs in 24 hours
18
Q

Anti-Hypertensive’s

Calcium Channel Blockers CCB’s (Contraindication)

A
  1. Don’t give to LIVER DISEASE PT’s
19
Q

Anti-Hypertensive’s

ACE-Inhibitors (Overview)

A

Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor

  1. Widely used: 1st line
  2. Ends in “pril”
  3. Stops the conversion of angiotensin 1 to angiotensin 2. Stops aldosterone from forming
20
Q

Anti-Hypertensive’s

ACE-Inhibitors (Action)

A
  1. Systemic Vascular resistance

2. Heart Rate is NOT EFFECTED

21
Q

Anti-Hypertensive’s

ACE-Inhibitors (Adverse Effects)

A
  1. Causes a Rise in Potassium level
  2. Development of DRY CHRONIC COUGH
    - Ace inhibitors are stored in lung tissue
22
Q

Anti-Hypertensive’s

ACE-Inhibitors (Contraindicated)

A
  1. Renal Stenosis
  2. NEVER give w/ PREGNANCY
  3. Hyperkalimia
  4. NSAID’s will decrease the effectiveness of ACE inhibitors
23
Q

Anti-Hypertensive

-Angiotensin Receptor blocker ARB’s (Overview)

A
  1. 2nd generation of ACEI
  2. Blocks angiotensin II receptor sites
  3. Still watch for increased potassium
  4. ARB’s end in “sartan”
  5. Takes 3-6 weeks for full effect
24
Q

Direct Vasodilators

A
  1. Treatment of severe hypertension
  2. Reduces PVR and CO
  3. Many Adverse effects
  4. Never used as 1st line

Pharmacology Test 3 (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions