Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Heme Block > Anti-HIV Drugs > Flashcards

Anti-HIV Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Abacavir

A
  • NRTI
  • metabolized by alcohol dehydrogenase; alcoholics will occupy ADH with EtOH and drug will build up toxically
  • “LAD ZEST”
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Lamivudine

A
  • NRTI

- “LAD ZEST”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Tenofovir-Disproxyl

A
  • NRTI

- “LAD ZEST”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Emtricitabine

A
  • NRTI

- “LAD ZEST”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Didanosine

A
  • NRTI
  • Neuropathy (2nd worst)
  • “LAD ZEST”
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Stavudine

A
  • NRTI
  • Neuropathy (worst)
  • “LAD ZEST”
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Efaviranez

A
  • NNRTI
  • CYP3A4/2B6 inducer: oral contraceptive failure
  • OK to use it with rifampin/rifaburin, just adjust the dose
  • don’t use in pregnancy
  • wacky, vivid dreams (will resolve)
  • “efaviraNEZ NEVirapine”
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Nevirapine

A
  • NNRTI
  • CYP3A4/2B6 inducer: oral contraceptive failure
  • “efaviraNEZ NEVirapine”
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Atazanavir

A
  • Protease inhibitor

- “You’ll NAVIR cleave your proteins!”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Ritonavir

A
  • Protease inhibitor
  • can be used in combination with other “NAVIRs” because of CYP inhibition
  • “You’ll NAVIR cleave your proteins!”
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Darunavir

A
  • Protease inhibitor
  • used with ritonavir to boost
  • “You’ll NAVIR cleave your proteins!”
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Fosamprenavir

A
  • Protease inhibitor

- “You’ll NAVIR cleave your proteins!”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Indinavir

A
  • Protease inhibitor
  • Kidney stones
  • “You’ll NAVIR cleave your proteins!”
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Lopinavir

A
  • Protease inhibitor
  • used with ritonavir to boost
  • “You’ll NAVIR cleave your proteins!”
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Saquinavir

A
  • Protease inhibitor

- “You’ll NAVIR cleave your proteins!”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Enfuviratide

A
  • Fusion inhibitor
  • pro-drug, needs to be activated in body; must be given subQ
  • Gp41 analogue
  • “-vir-“
17
Q

Maraviroc

A
  • Fusion inhibitor
  • CCR5 inhibitor
  • “-vir-“ “maraviroC”
18
Q

Raltegravir

A
  • Integrase inhibitor

- “-tegra-“

19
Q

Cobicistat

A
  • CYP3A4 inhibitor

- No antiviral activity, increases serum concentrations of CYP3A4 substrate drugs

20
Q

Atripla

A
  • Tenofovir/Emtricitabine/Efaviranez
21
Q

Stribild

A
  • Tenofovir/Emtricitabine/Elivtigravir

* Cobicistat to enhance

22
Q

Complera

A
  • Tenofovir/Emtricitabine/Elitigravir

- Heavy viral loads (>100,000)

23
Q

NRTI properties

A
  • CYP3A4 neutral
  • excreted in urine
  • oral dosing
24
Q

NNRTI properties

A
  • CYP inducers/inhibitors

- Urine/stool excretion

25
Q

Protease inhibitor properties

A
  • TONS of Pgp/CYP interactions
26
Q

NRTI Major BBWs

A

Hepatic disease – across the board a problem – obesity/women/prolonged exposure

Lactic acidosis – across the board a problem – obesity/women/prolonged exposure

Pancreatitis – enzyme elevation, abdominal pain (radiating to back), big problem

Neutropenia with AZT

Neuropathy – with all drugs (most likely with stavudine, then didanosine, then all the rest)

27
Q

Zidovudine (AZT)

A
  • NRTI
  • BBW: Neutropenia
  • “LAD ZEST”
28
Q

NNRTI BBWs

A
  • Women shouldn’t take these if CD4+ is below 250
  • Hepatic disease/Hepatitis
  • Rash
29
Q

Protease inhibitor BBWs

A

GI intolerance
Lipodystrophy - buffalo hump
diabetes - inhibit GLUT 4

30
Q

What types of drugs would likely interact with HAART drugs?

A

Azoles – metabolism through CYP3A4 (anti-fungal) – voriconizole – so don’t use it

Tuberculosis (TB) that was latent and now with compromised immune system – rifampin

31
Q

CMV infections

A

o Valganciclovir = prodrug of ganciclovir for oral dosing

  • Mutation in viral kinase for resistance
  • Renal clearance is in excess of blood flow (actively pumped out), so if you have diminished renal function then you can have toxic accumulation

o Foscarnate

  • Doesn’t need viral kinase to be activated (only host kinases)
  • Very insoluable – so we hydrate the patient before administing (saline hydration). We want the most volume possible for the drug to be dissolved
  • Only by controlled infusion pump IV, if you gave it all at once, it precipitates
  • Still nephrotoxic
32
Q

EBV

A 
o	Vidarabine (topical)
- Applied to eye as ointment as a very small amount to limit toxicity
33
Q

KS

A

o Cidofovir (IV)

  • Renal clearance by active tubular secretion
  • Renal toxicity

Heme Block (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions