Anti-Glaucoma

Question 1

latanoprost - brand name and type

Answer 1

Xalatan, Xelpros
prostaglandin analogues

Question 2

latanoprost - indication

Answer 2

ocular hypertension
open-angle glaucoma

Question 3

latanoprost - MOA

Answer 3

prostaglandin analogue
dilates vessels and increase the outflow of aqueous humor to reduce intraocular pressure (“opens the drain”)

Question 4

latanoprost - contraindication

Answer 4

hypersensitivity

Question 5

latanoprost - common reaction

Answer 5

blurry vision
ocular itching
foreign object sensation
hyperpigmentation of the eyelid
iris pigmentation
eyelash growth

Question 6

latanoprost - rare but serious reaction

Answer 6

macular retinal edema
diplopia (double vision)
keratitis

Question 7

latanoprost - counsel

Answer 7

administation technique

Question 8

latanoprost - alternatives

Answer 8

bimatoprost (Lumagin)
Travoprost (Travatan Z)

Question 9

Brimonidine - brand name and type

Answer 9

Alphagan P
Lumify
alpha agonist

Question 10

brimonidine - Indication

Answer 10

ocular hypertention, open-angle glaucoma, ocular redness (mostly with OTC Lumify)

Question 11

brimonidine - MOA

Answer 11

relatively selective for alpha-2 receptor
reduces aqueous humor production and increase outflow to reduce pressure (“turn down faucet” and “open drain”)

Question 12

brimonidine - common reaction

Answer 12

drowsiness
conjunctival hypermia (redness)
allergic conjunctivitis
ocular pruritis (itching)

Question 13

brimondine - contraindication

Answer 13

hypersensitivity
recent use of MAO inhibitors (14 days)

Question 14

brimonidine - rare but serious reaction

Answer 14

sycope, arrhythmias, bradycardia

Question 15

brimondine - counsel

Answer 15

Administration technique
systemic absorption can occur and cause systemic adverse effects

Question 16

timolol - brand name and type

Answer 16

Timophic, Betimol
Beta blockers

Question 17

timolol - indication

Answer 17

glaucoma

Question 18

timolol - MOA

Answer 18

Blocks both beta-1 and beta-2 adrenergic receptors to reduce intraocular pressure by reducing aqueous humor production (“turns down the faucet”)

Question 19

timolol - contraindication

Answer 19

hypersensitivity
patients with asthma, COPD, sinus bradycardia, heart failure, cardogenic shock

Question 20

timolol - common reaction

Answer 20

blurred vision
stinging

Question 21

timolol - rare but serious reaction

Answer 21

risk for exacerbation of underlying respiratory or cardiovascular conditions

Question 22

timolol - counsel

Answer 22

administration technique
systemic absorption can occur and cause systemic adverse effects