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PR3124 > Anti-Fungal Agents > Flashcards

Anti-Fungal Agents Flashcards

1
Q

Which Anti-Fungal drugs have good oral bioavailability?

A

1) Triazoles (Flucanazole & Voriconazole)
2) 5-Flucytosine
3) Echinocandins

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2
Q

Use of 5-Flucytosine?

A

Combination (+) Amphotericin B:

1) Candidiasis
2) Cryptococcosis (Meningitis & Pul Infections)

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3
Q

ADE of 5-Flucytosine

A

1) GI effects
2) Hepatotoxicity
3) Bone marrow supression

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4
Q

Use of Echinocandins

A

1) 1st line for invasive candidiasis

2) 2nd line for invasive asperigillosis

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5
Q

Which agents can be used for Asperigillosis?

A

1) Amphotericin B

2) Itraconazole (Intolerant to AB)

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6
Q

Which agents can be used for Invasive Asperigillosis?

A

1) Voriconazole (1st line)

2) Echinocandins

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7
Q

Which agents can be used for Invasive Candidiasis?

A

Echinocandins (1st line)

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8
Q

Which agent should not be given IV?

A

Nystatin (systemic toxicity)

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9
Q

Which drug should not be taken with antacids?

A

Itraconazole (low pH for better absorption)

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10
Q

Which agents can be used for Onychromycoses?

A

Itraconazole, Terbinafine

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11
Q

What is oral Terbinafine used for?

A

1) Onychromycoses (nail)

2) Tinea capitis (scalp)

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12
Q

What is Miconazole used for?

A

1) Tinea pedis
2) Tinea cruris
3) Tinea versicolor
4) Vulvovaginal candidiasis

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13
Q

What is Nystatin used for?

A

Commonly used for candida & oral cutaneous infections:

1) Oropharyngeal candidiasis (oral)
2) Vulvovaginal candidiasis (intra-vaginally)
3) Cutaneous candidiasis (topical)
4) GIT fungal infections

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14
Q

What is topical Terbinafine used for?

A

1) Tinea pedis
2) Tinea cruris
3) Tinea corporis (ringworm)

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15
Q

Safe for pregnancy

A

Amphotericin B

Terbinafine - Vaginal (A), Oral (B)

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16
Q

ADE of imidazoles

A

1) Contact dermatitis
2) Vulvular irritation
3) Edema
4) GIT (Oral)

17
Q

ADE of terbinafine

A

GIT, Headache, Rash, Elevated liver enzymes

18
Q

Administration of Amphotericin B

A

Topical or Slow IV

19
Q

Which Anti-fungal agents can be given orally?

A

1) 5-Flucytosine???
2) Triazoles
3) Imidazoles (lozenges)
4) Nystatin
5) Terbinafine

20
Q

Which agents can be used for Candidiasis?

A

1) Amphotericin B
2) 5-Flucytosine
3) Voriconazole

21
Q

Which agents can be used for Cryptococcus meningitis?

A

5-Flucytosine & Fluconazole

22
Q

Use of Itraconazole?

A

1) Blastomycosis & Aspergillus (Intolerant to AB)
2) Onychomycosis (nail)
3) Esophageal oropharyngeal candidiasis (oral sol)

23
Q

Name the polyenes & their MOA

A

Amphotericin B & Nystatin

MOA: Binds to ergosterol, form pores in c.m & causing leakage

24
Q

Coverage & use of Amphotericin B

A

Broad-spectrum Fungistatic & Fungicidal

1) Candidiasis
2) Crytococcus neoformans
3) Asperigillosis
4) Histoplasmosis

25
Q

ADE of Amphotericin B

A
  • Fever/Chills (Infusion-related)
  • Nephro & Ototoxicity
  • Bone marrow suppression
  • Thrombophlebitis
  • Hypotension
26
Q

MOA of 5-Flucytosine

A

Inhibits protein synthesis:

Converted to 5-FTU by cytosine deaminase -> FUTP -> Incorporated into fungal RNA instead of uridylic acid

27
Q

Use of Fluconazole

A

1) Single-dose oral for vulvovaginal candidiasis

2) Cryptococcal meningitis

28
Q

Use of Voriconazole

A

1) Invasive asperigillosis (1st line)

2) Candida

29
Q

MOA of Echinocandins

A

Inhibits activity of glucan synthase complex

-> Loss of structural integrity

30
Q

Adverse Side Effects of Triazoles

A

GIT
Hepatotoxicity
QT Prolongation

31
Q

MOA of Triazoles

A

Inhibits C-14 a-demthylase -> Blocks demthylation of lanosterol to ergosterol

32
Q

Use of Clotrimazole

A

1) Dermatophyte infections

2) Vulvovaginal candidiasis

33
Q

Adverse Drug Effects of Imidazoles

A
  • Contact dermatitis
  • Vulvular irritation
  • Edema
  • GIT (oral)
34
Q

Contraindications for Terbinafine

A

Nursing mothers & renal impairment

PR3124 (16 decks)

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