Anti-Diarrhea and IBS-D Medications Flashcards
What are the indications of use for loperamide?
- Opioid compound
- Structural analog of meperidine
- Tx of diarrhea and reduce volume of discharge from ileostomies
What is the MOA of loperamide?
- Activate opioid receptors in smooth muscle of the GI tract, alters peristalsis, reduces stool volume, and prevents electrolyte depletion
Does loperamide cross the BBB?
No, poorly absorbed overall
What are the side effects associated with loperamide?
Constipation, dizziness, abd pain, cramping
*Cardiac arrest when used in large doses
What is the indication of use for diphenoxylate/atropine?
Diarrhea
What is the MOA of Diphenoxylate/atropine?
- Activate opioid receptors of the GI tract
- Atropine prevents abuse
What are the SE assocated with diphenoxylate/atropine?
Flushing, tachycardia, CNS effects, xeroderma, vomiting, toxic megacolon, urinary retention
What is the indication of use for octreotide?
Diarrhea
What does octreotide inhibit?
Seratonin release and secretion of gastrin
What medication is approved for chronic severe IBS-D treatment?
Alosetron
What are the indications of use for Rifaximin?
- Small intestinal bowel overgrowth syndrome
- IBS-D
- Travelers diarrhea
What is the MOA of Rifaximin?
Binds to bacterial DNA-dependent RNA polymerase –> inhibits RNA synthesis
What medication can be used in acute attacks of IBS-D?
Hyoscyamine/Dicyclomine
