Anti-cancer agents Flashcards
Cyclophosphamide
Type of agent
MOA
SEs?
Alkylating agent: causes cross linking in the DNA
Haemorrhagic cystitis
Myelosupression
Transitional cell carcinoma
Bleomycin
Type of agent
MOA
SEs?
Cytotoxic antibiotic
Degrades preformed DNA
Lung fibrosis
Anthracyclines .e.g doxorubicin
Type of agent
MOA
SEs?
Cytotoxic antibiotic
Stabilizes DNA-topoisomerase II complex inhibits DNA & RNA synthesis
Cardiomyopathy
Methotrexate
Type of agent
MOA
SEs?
Antimetabolite
Inhibits dihydrofolate reductase and thymidylate synthesis
Myelosuppression, mucositis, liver fibrosis, lung fibrosis
5-FU/ Fluorouracil
Type of agent
MOA
SEs?
Cytotoxic antibiotic
Pyrimidine analogue inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by blocking thymidylate synthase (works during S phase)
Myelosuppression, mucositis, dermatitis
6 mercaptopurine
Type of agent
MOA
SEs?
Purine analogue that is activated by HGPRTase, decreasing purine synthesis
Causes myelosupression
Cytarabine
Type of agent
MOA
SEs?
Cytotoxic antibiotic
Pyrimidine antagonist. Interferes with DNA synthesis specifically at the S-phase of the cell cycle and inhibits DNA polymerase
Causes myelosupression and ataxia
Vincristine
Type of agent
MOA
SEs?
Acts on microtubules:, inhibits their formation
Vincristine: Peripheral neuropathy (reversible) , paralytic ileus
Vinblastine: myelosuppression
Docetaxel
Type of agent
MOA
SEs?
Acts on microtubules; Prevents microtubule depolymerisation & disassembly, decreasing free tubulin
Causes neutropenia
Irinotecan
Type of agent
MOA
SEs?
Topoisomerase inhibitor
Inhibits topoisomerase I which prevents relaxation of supercoiled DNA
Causes myelosupression
Cisplatin
Type of agent
MOA
SEs?
Cytotoxic agent which causes cross-linking in the DNA
Ototoxicity, peripheral neuropathy and hypomagnesaemia
Hydroxyurea (hydroxycarbamide)
Inhibits ribonucleotide reductase, decreasing DNA synthesis
Causes myelosupression
