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Psych Test 1 > Anti-Anxiety Drugs > Flashcards

Anti-Anxiety Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

What is the number one way people treat their anxiety

A

alcohol

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2
Q

What was the first drug specific for treating anxiety

A

Meprobamate

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3
Q

Norepinephrine is ___ in a person with anxiety

A

overproduced

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4
Q

GABA is ___ in a person with anxiety

A

inhibited

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5
Q

Common indications for Benzodiazepines (Benzos)

A
  • chronic anxiety
  • treatment for crisis (time limited)
  • pre-surgery jitters
  • acute mania
  • panic disorder
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6
Q

Benzos treat the ___ of psychosis

A

symptoms

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7
Q

How do benzos work?

A
  • enhance effects of GABA (helps tone down)
  • slows down/halts neuron firing
    • GABA receptors located on 40% of neurons
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8
Q

Benzos are a ___

A

CNS depressant

  • reduce anxiety
  • promote sleep
  • promote amnesia, hypnosis
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9
Q

Sometimes a ___ reaction can occur when taking benzos, although rare

A

paradoxical reaction

  • instead of calming it jacks them up even more
  • can’t sleep
  • elderly and children are more at risk
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10
Q

Common side effects of benzos

A
  • drowsiness
  • fatigue
  • confusion
  • ataxia (uncoordinated movement)
  • HA, light-headedness
  • constipation and urinary retention (less common)
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11
Q

When a persons body needs a medication to function normally, they are ___

A

dependent

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12
Q

Therapeutic Dose Dependence

A
  • take drug as prescribed but develop need for drug

- have outgrown original reason needed for drug but now need it to get through the day

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13
Q

Prescribed High-Dose Dependence

A
  • still taking prescribed dose but have talked doctor into escalating the dose
  • sometimes these pt are receiving prescriptions from more than one clinician
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14
Q

Recreational Benzo Abuse

A
  • use benzos outside traditional medical system
  • typically amount used is significantly higher than the amount prescribed for medical purposes
    • high end dose is 40 mg/day
    • they can take up to 100 mg/day
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15
Q

___ is the way to withdrawal from benzos

A

-gradual tapering

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16
Q

Abrupt withdrawal from benzos will cause

A
  • agitation
  • tremor
  • insomnia
  • seizures
  • psychotic episodes may occur
17
Q

When an individual needs increasing amounts of a drug to receive the same effect, they have become

A

tolerant

18
Q

Benzo tolerance to ___ occurs quickly, whereas tolerance to ___ effects occurs slower

A
  • sedation

- anti-anxiety

19
Q

Benzos are relatively safe when taken alone, but if combined with ___ or other drugs it can be fatal

A

-alcohol

20
Q

S&S of benzo overdose

A
  • hypotension
  • somnolence (shutting down)
  • confusion
  • diminished reflexes
  • coma
21
Q

Nurse needs to monitor ___ when suspect signs of overdose

A
  • vitals
    • BP (watch for drop)
    • respiration’s (decrease)
    • pulse
  • will give supportive care
  • induced vomiting followed by gastric lavage then charcoal
22
Q

Benzo teaching

A
  • not intended for minor stressors
  • OTC might enhance action
    • kava, valerian (cause additive effect)
  • avoid driving until tolerance is developed
  • don’t exceed prescribed dose
  • alcohol and other depressants exacerbate effects
23
Q

While taking benzos ___

A

don’t stop abruptly

24
Q

If pregnant may need to taper to lowest dose because benzos can cause

A
  • floppy infant syndrome

- excreted in breast milk

25
Q

Alprazolam (Xanax)

A
  • generalized anxiety, panic disorder, adjustment disorders, anxiety associated with depression
  • most abused
  • anti-tremor med
26
Q

Chlordiazepoxide (Librium)

A
  • anxiety disorder
  • acute alcohol withdrawal
  • anti-tremor med
  • can be given IV for panic
27
Q

Clonazepam (Klonopin)

A
  • anticonvulsant for seizures
  • panic disorder
  • benzo withdrawal
    • most frequently used to detox from other meds
28
Q

Diazepam (Valium)

A
  • anti-anxiety
  • pre-surgery jitters
  • skeletal spasms (lower back pain)
  • IV for status epilepticus (DOC)
  • adjunct for endoscopic procedures
29
Q

Lorazepam (Ativan)

A
  • anxiety, anticonvulsant
  • antiemetic for cancer pt
  • pt with liver function issues and older adults can handle better
30
Q

Oxazepam (Serax)

A
  • effective for short time (24 hours)
  • anxiety
  • alcohol withdrawal
31
Q

Benzos given for anti-tremor

A
  • Xanax

- Librium

32
Q

Benzos that can help with alcohol withdrawal

A
  • Librium
  • Valium
  • Serax

Psych Test 1 (6 decks)

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