Anthropology & Theology Review Flashcards
Bipedalism
Walks on 2 legs
Hominid
Humans or human-like species in general… Ancestor or believed to be an ancestor
Ardi-Ardipithecus Ramidus-
Fragmentary evidence, turned into powder
Australopithecus
Genus of several proposed links
Homo Habilis-
“Handy human”, found with tools
Homo erectus-
Name means standing upright, arguably human, see #4–5 below
Homo Sapiens-
Genus and species of modern humans
Neanderthal-
See #4–5Below, larger brain capacity than modern humans
Cro-Magnon:
Identical to modern humans, just lived in caves
Articulated skeleton-
All of the bones found in one place
“Lucy”
Australopithecus afarensis 40% of fossil found
Explanation of Ardipithecus Ramidus
Bipedal on the ground yet 4 legs in trees
Small Brain
Bones Crushed to powder
Big toe is very divergent like for grasping limbs
Explanation for A. Anamensis
Chinless jawbone
walked upright
Leg and jawbones found in different locations
different rock layers dated .5 million years apart
Explanation for A. Afarensis
bipedal
long ape-like arms
Bipedality is debatable
Modern human arm bone found in lower layer
Explanation for K. Platyops
Small air holes like ape
small molars/flat face like humans
Very poor skull condition
No skeletal bones
Explanation for H. Habilis
Stated to have oppose able thumbs
Small skull capacity
Fossil fragments mixed with other species
Not conclusively bipedal
What is now believed by evolutionists to have come first, walking upright or a growth in brain capacity?
Walking
Describe the difference between multi regional and out of Africa models of human evolution.
Out of Africa – evil modern humans in Africa then spread out to the other countries
Multi regional – involve more rectus then spread out to the different countries and then evolved into modern humans separately
Based on page 45 in the text, list three physical characteristics that are reasons why some scientists classify archaic humans as different from “modern humans”
- Brow Ridges
- Slanted Foreheads
- Recessive Chins
1disease/deficiency
2ethnicity
3extreme age
What evidence is there to suggest that Homo Erectus, and the Neanderthals are truly human like Homo sapiens?
Homo Erectus - Femur bone - Brain size = human brain size - used tools (boats) - controlled fire Neanderthals - speech areas in brain - buried their dead - brains = modern humans - used tools + made war - shared DNA w/ modern humans
In the space below write a paragraph explaining the significance of the Kanapoi hominid and the Laetoli footprints according to the textbook.mention what the two finds are.
Kanapoi: Hominid-modern human arm bone in rock 4 million years
Laetoli: Footprints in ashes 3 million years old
*not common ancestor b/c of the modern bone found below
Primates
Order containing humans, apes, monkeys, lemurs
