Anth 100 Midterm Flashcards
Linguistic Anthropology
Study of communication
e.g. origins, history, contemporary variation of language
Applied linguistic anthropology
Ex. Language revitalization, looking at online communications, forensic communications (letters or phone messages, etc. – record of communications)
Typology
A way of classifying and sorting through – tool to categorize (e.g. archaeology, european ceramic typologies)
Sort and categorize by like characteristics
Is applied anthopology considered a subfield of anthropology?
By some, others consider it to be adjacent to all other types of anthropology (e.g. all subfields have an applied aspect to them)
What are the 4 main categories of biological anthropology?
Human biology
Primatology
Paleoanthropology
Forensic anthropology
Define palaeoanthropology
The study of human origins and human evolution
What subfield of anthropology does medical anthropology belong to?
Depends - can be bioanth or cultural anth
Define cultural relativism
Self-awareness that your own terms of analysis (the lens thru which you see the world) are not universal, and cannot be taken for granted.
Define ethnocentrism
Evaluation of other cultures according to preconceptions originating from one’s own culture
What is the difference between ethnography and ethnology?
Ethnography: written description of a culture (studies one culture in detail)
Ethnology: comparative study of ethnographic data (compares cultures)
Define the anthropological perspective
Described as holistic, evolutionary, comparative, qualitative, focussed on linkages and change, and based on fieldwork
Define unilinear theory
Cultures evolve over time from savagery to barbarism to civilization, where a civilized culture is more advanced than a savage or barbaric one
Who is credited with unilinear theory?
Lewis Henry Morgan
Who is credited with the idea of cultural relativism?
Franz Boas
Define historical particularism
Each culture can only be understood within its own unique context
