Anterior Triangle of Neck Anatomy Flashcards
digastric muscle - anterior (orange) and posterior (purple) bellies
“looping” around hyoid bone (pink)
SCM (blue)
facial vein (blue) is tributary to IJV (green)
facial vein crosses over submandibular gland (red)
facial artery (yellow) is a branch of the ECA (green; external carotid artery)
CN 12 (hypoglossal nerve) (blue)
which muscle can be used to landmark CN XII?
hypoglossal nerve runs over posterior belly of digastric muscle
internal jugular vein (IJV)
superficial to SCM would be external jugular vein (EJV)
smaller midline veins are anterior jugular veins
external jugular vein (EJV) (red)
anterior jugular vein (green)
SCM (pink) (cut; superficial)
omoHYoid muscle (green) (cut; lateral to sternohyoid, deep to SCM; omo = scapula)
sternoHYoid (orange)
sternoTHYRoid (blue)
thyroHYoid (purple)
omohyoid
scapula (omo) to hyoid; lateral to sternohyoid
depresses hyoid during swallowing and speaking
innervated by ansa cervicalis
sternohyoid
anterior neck, just deep to platysma
depresses hyoid during swallowing and speaking
innervated by ansa cervicalis
sternoTHYRoid
deep to sternohyoid, inferior to thyrohyoid
depresses hyoid during swallowing and speaking
innervated by ansa cervicalis
thyrohyoid
deep to sternohyoid and superior
depresses hyoid during swallowing and speaking
innervated by ansa cervicalis
arrows top to bottom:
- hyoid bone
- thyroid cartilage
- cricothyroid muscle
- cricoid cartilage
green: thyroid
purple: thyrohyoid
red: sternothyroid
superior thyroid artery (yellow)
branch of external carotid artery
what arteries supply thyroid?
superior (branch of external carotid artery) and inferior (branch of subclavian) thyroid arteries
what veins drain thyroid?
superior, middle, and inferior thyroid veins (tributary to brachiocephalic vein)
recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) (blue)
vagus nerve (yellow)
phrenic nerve (green)
recurrent laryngeal nerve innervates
vocal cords
omohyoid (green)
IJV (yellow)
common carotid a. (pink)
ansa cervicalis (purple)
vagus n. (blue)
top arrow: SCM
bottom arrow: phrenic nerve overlying anterior scalene
vertebral artery (pale blue/deep)
thyrocervical trunk (pink)
both are branches of subclavian artery (green)
subclavian vein (yellow)
(inferior to superior)
superior thyroid a. (red)
lingual a. (purple)
facial a. (green)
ignore pink
lingual a. runs with which nerve?
CN XII (hypoglossal)
over the posterior belly of digastric muscle
mylohyoid (blue; deep)
digastric, anterior belly (red)
stylohyoid (purple)
which vein crosses over submandibular gland
facial vein
tributary to internal jugular v.
course of facial a.
courses under mandible and then meets facial v. to course over submandibular gland
what does facial v. drain
anterior face
nerve on posterior digastric m.
hypoglossal n. (CN 12)
what does CN XII innervate
m. of tongue, geniohyoid m.
fiber types CN XII
somatic motor
symp post
fx sternoHYOid m.
depress hyoid bone
fx omoHYOid m.
depress hyoid bone
fx steroTHYRoid m.
depress hyoid bone
fx thyrohyoid m.
depress hyoid b.
blood supply of thyroid
superior thyroid a. (branch of ECA)
inferior thyroid a. (branch of thyrocervical trunk of subclavian a.)
venous drainage of thyroid
superior, middle, inferior thyroid v.
superior, middle –> IJV
inferior –> brachiocephalic v.
course of recurrent laryngeal nerve
groove b/w trachea and esophagus, to larynx
recurrent laryngeal n. branches off …
CN XI
courses via CN X
target of recurrent laryngeal n.
muscles of larynx
2 branches of common carotid a. (CCA)
external and internal carotid a. (ECA and ICA)
neurovascular bundle including the CCA
CCA, IJV, vagus n.
ansa cervicalis innervates …
infraHYoid m.s
ventral rami ansa cervicalis
C1,2,3
CN XI is found…
deep to SCM
CN XI innervates
trapezius and SCM
nerve related to anterior scalene
phrenic nerve lies on top of it
2 branches subclavian a.
thyrocervical trunk
vertebral a.
receptors at common carotid bifurcation and their function
carotid sinus baroreceptors sense blood pressure
carotid body chemoreceptors monitor blood O2 and CO2
carotid body baroreceptors innervation
glossopharyngeal nerve (CN 9)
3 branches of ECA in carotid triangle
superior thyroid a.
ascending pharyngeal a.
lingual a.
3 branches of ECA superior to carotid triangle
facial a.
occipital a.
posterior auricular a.
structures of interest on mylohyoid
lymph nodes
