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Anterior Triangle > Anterior Triangle > Flashcards

Anterior Triangle Flashcards

1
Q

Pharyngeal Apparatus

A

Contributes to formation of head and neck (face, nose, mouth, larynx, pharynx and neck)

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2
Q

Pharyngeal Arches

A

6 arches
develop at lateral end of foregut (primordial pharynx) during 1st part of week 4
-Contain neural crest cells
-arches separated on external surface by PHARYNGEAL GROOVES and on the inside by PHARYNGEAL POUCHES

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3
Q

Mesenchyme of Arches

A

Contains:

  • Blood vessel (artery) -Cartilage (forms skeletal part)
  • Muscular component -Nerve
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4
Q

First Arch Bones, Muscles and Nerve

A 
Mandibular Arch
-MAXILLARY prominence=maxilla
-MANDIBULAR prominence=mandible
Muscles
-mastication, mylohyoid, anterior belly of digastric, tensor tympani, tensor veli palatini
Nerve=CN V
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5
Q

Second Arch Bones, Muscles and Nerve

A

Hyoid Arch=hyoid bone
Muscles= facial expression, stapedius, stylohyoid and posterior belly of digastric
Nerve=CN VII

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6
Q

Third Arch

A

contributes to formation of hyoid bone
Muscle=stylophayngeus muscle swallow
Nerve= CN IX

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7
Q

Fourth Arch

A

cartilages of larynx

Nerve=CN X vagus

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8
Q

Pharyngeal Membranes

A

ectoderm of grooves on outside of pharyngeal wall make contact with endoderm of pouches on inside to for these membranes
1st membrane=tympanic
-all other membranes disappear

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9
Q

Boundaries of Anterior Triangle

A 
Anterior Midline of neck
Inferior border of mandible 
Anterior border of SCM
Apex is Jugular Notch
Base=inferior border of mandible 
Roof=superficial fascia, platysma, skin
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10
Q

Submandibular Triangle (digastric)

A

BOUNDED by
Superiorly=inferior border of mandible
Laterally=posterior belly of digastric
Medially=anterior belly of digastric

FLOOR=mylohyoid and hyoglossal muscles

CONTENTS= submandibular gland, submandibular ganglion (parasymp), submandibular lymph nodes, CNXII (hypoglossal n), Facial a & v

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11
Q

Submental Triangle

A

BOUNDED by
Inferiorly-hyoid bone (base)
Laterally-anterior bellies of digastric
Floor- mylohyoid m, the two mylohyoid muscles join in the anterior midline of the neck by forming a raphae

CONTENTS=submental lymph nodes, beginning of anterior jugular veins

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12
Q

Carotid Triangle (most important)

A

BOUNDED by
Anteriorly-superior belly of omohyoid
Superiorly-posterior belly of digastric
Laterally-anterior border of SCM

CONTENTS= carotid sheath (base of neck-skull), tubular carotid sheath

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13
Q

Tubular Carotid Sheath

A

Vagus Nerve
Common Carotid and Internal Carotid Arteries
Internal Jugular Vein
-Once common carotid splits the internal carotid remains in sheath up to the skull

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14
Q

Muscular Triagle

A

BOUNDARIES
Anterior-anterior midline of neck
Laterally-superior belly of omohyoid m
Interiorly-anterior border of SCM

CONTENTS= Thyroid and parathyroid (C6)
Infrahyoid muscles (strap)=sternothyroid, sternohyoid, thyrohyoid, omohyoid
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15
Q

Right Common Carotid

A

Branch of brachiocephalic trunk

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16
Q

Left Comon Carotid

A

Branch of Aorta

17
Q

Carotid Occlusion

A

obstruct blood flow to brain and lead to stroke or transient ischemic attack

18
Q

Carotid Sinus

A

Dilated intitial segment of internal carotid

-inervated by CN IX AND X=monitors arterial blood pressure

19
Q

External Carotid Artery

A

Terminates in parotid by bifurcating=SUPERFICIAL TEMPORAL and MAXILLARY ARTERIES

20
Q

Branches of External Carotid Artery

A 
Traveling Superiorly
Superior Thyroid
Ascending Pharygeal
Lingual
Facial
Occipital
Posterior Auricular
 Maxillary 
Superficial Temporal
21
Q

Right Subclavian Artery

A

originates from the brachiocephalic artery

-divided into 3 parts by the anterior scalene m

22
Q

Left Subclavian Artery

A

directly from aorta

-divided into 3 parts by the anterior scalene m

23
Q

1st Part of Subclavian Artery

A

Medial border of anterior scalene
Vertebral a
Internal thoracic a
Thyrocervical Trunk = transverse cervical a, suprascapular artery, inferior thyroid a

24
Q

2nd Part of the Subclavian Artery

A

costocervical trunk

posterior to scalene (cant see)

25
Q

3rd part of Subclavian Artery

A

Lateral border of anterior scalene to 1st rib

Dorsal scapular artery

26
Q

Internal Jugular Vein

A

Begins outside skull on surface of jugular foramen as dilated structure=JUGULAR BULB

  • Descend inferior to carotid sheath
  • Joins subclavian vein and empties into brachiocephalic vein
27
Q

Anterior Jugular Vein

A

Beginning=Submental triangle

-drains into external jugular vein

28
Q

Vagus Nerve

A 
Longest Cranial Nerve CN X
-exits skull through jugular foramen
Gives rise to the following branches
-Recurrent Laryngeal
-contributions to pharyngeal plexus
-cardiac branches
-Superior laryngeal
29
Q

Ansa Cervicalis

A

Motor part of Cervical Plexus =C1-C3

30
Q

Hypoglossal Nerve

A

CNXII

31
Q

Sympathetic Trunk

A

Longitudinal strands of autonomic fibers beginning at C1
3 Ganglia of Cervical Component
1)Superior Cervical Ganglion=largest, C1 C2 level
2)Middle Cervical Ganglion= level of cricoid cartilage C6
3)Inferior Cervical Ganglion-somtimes fused with thoracic ganglion and is then know as Stellate Ganglion
located at level of C7-superior border of 1st rib

Anterior Triangle (1 decks)

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