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511 > Anterior Neck > Flashcards

Anterior Neck Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 compartments of the ant. neck?

A

Visceral, vertebral, 2 vascular

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2
Q

What is included in the visceral compartment?

A

Parts of digestive & respiratory systems, endocrinal glands

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3
Q

What is included in the vertebral compartment?

A

Cervical vertebrae, spinal cord, and cervical nerves & muscles

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4
Q

What is included in the 2 vascular compartments?

A

Major blood vessels & vagus nerve (CN 10)

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5
Q

What are the 5 types of fascia in the anterior neck?

A

-Pretracheal
-Superficial
-Carotid sheath
-Investing
-Prevertebral

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6
Q

Platysma OIA

A

Origin: Infra & supraclavicular regions

Insertion: Base of mandible; skin of cheek & angle of mouth

Innervation: facial nerve

Action: Depression of angles of mouth and mandible (“frightened face”)

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7
Q

Superficial venous drainage includes what?

A

Ant & Ext jugular veins

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8
Q

Triangles of the neck (anterior and posterior boundaries)

A

Anterior: Anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid, inferior border of the mandible

Posterior: posterior border of the SCM, anterior border of the trapezius, and middle 1/3 of the clavicle

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9
Q

Facial artery is located in what triangle?

A

Submandibular triangle (next to ant. & post belly of digastric muscle)

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10
Q

4 smaller triangles of anterior triangle

A

Submandibular, submental, muscular, and carotid

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11
Q

Submandibular triangle outlines and major contents

A

Inferior border of the mandible and digastric muscle

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12
Q

Submental triangle outlines and major contents

A

Hyoid bone and anterior belly of digastric muscle

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13
Q

Muscular triangle outlines and major contents

A

Hyoid bone, superior belly of omohyoid muscle, and anterior border of the SCM muscle

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14
Q

Carotid triangle outlines and major contents

A

Superior belly of the omohyoid muscle, stylohyoid m, posterior belly of digastric muscle, and anterior border of SCM

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15
Q

Submandibular triangle major contents

A

Facial artery and vein, submandibular gland, and hypoglossal nerve (CN 12)

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16
Q

Submental triangle major content

A

Submental lymph nodes

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17
Q

Carotid triangle major contents

A

Internal jugular vein, carotid artery, vagus nerve (CN 10), ansa cervicalis

18
Q

Muscular triangle major contents

A

Thyroid and parathyroid glands

19
Q

Suprahyoid muscles

A

Stylohyoid, digastric, mylohyoid, and geniohyoid

20
Q

Infrahyoid muscles

A

Sternohyoid, omohyoid, thyrohyoid, sternothyroid

21
Q

Stylohyoid OIIA

A

Origin: Base of styloid process
Insertion: greater horns
Innervation: Facial nerve (CN 07)
Main action: Pulls the hyoid bone posterosuperiorly during swallowing

22
Q

Digastric OIIA

A

Origin: Anterior- digastric fossa, Posterior- mastoid process

Insertion: Tendon between 2 bellies to body of hyoid bone

Innervation: Mylohyoid nerve

Main action: Elevates the hyoid bone & depresses the mandible

23
Q

Mylohyoid OIIA

A

Origin: Mylohyoid line on mandible
Insertion: body of hyoid bone
Innervation: Mylohyoid nerve
Main action: Support and elevation of floor of mouth; elevation of hyoid

24
Q

Geniohyoid OIIA

A

Origin: Inferior mental spine
Insertion: body of hyoid bone
Innervation: Anterior ramus from C1
Main action: Fixation of mandible; pulls mandible inward

25
Q

Sternohyoid OIIA

A

Origin: Posterior aspect of sternoclavicular joint
Insertion: Body of hyoid bone
Innervation: Ansa Cervicalis
Main action: Depresses hyoid bone after swallowing

26
Q

Omohyoid OIIA

A

Origin: Superior border of scapula
Insertion: Body of hyoid bone
Innervation: Anterior rami of C1 to C3
Main action: Depresses hyoid bone

27
Q

Thyrohyoid OIIA

A

Origin: Thyrohyoid cartilage
Insertion: Greater horn of hyoid bone
Innervation: Anterior ramus of C1
Main action: Depresses the hyoid bone and elevates thyroid cartilage

28
Q

Sternothyroid OIIA

A

Origin: Manubrium
Insertion: Oblique line on lamina of thyroid cartilage
Innervation: Ansa cervicales
Main action: Draws larynx (thyroid cartilage) downward

29
Q

What does the internal carotid artery supply blood to?

A

Everything in the skull; Ex. brain

30
Q

What does the external carotid artery supply blood to?

A

Everything outside the skull

31
Q

What veins receive blood from all structures of the head and neck?

A

Internal jugular veins

32
Q

What arteries come from the brachiocephalic trunk?

A

Right common carotid artery and right subclavian artery

33
Q

What structure does the right internal jugular vein come from?

A

Brachiocephalic trunk

34
Q

What vessels come from the aortic arch?

A

Left common carotid artery and subclavian

35
Q

Function of internal carotid artery?

A

Supplies internal structures in the skull

36
Q

Branches of the external carotid artery?

A

Superior thyroid, pharyngeal, lingual, and facial artery

37
Q

Which anterior triangle nerves pass through the jugular foramen?

A

Glossopharyngeal (CN 09)
Vagus Nerve (CN 10)
Accessory Nerve (CN 11)

38
Q

Which anterior triangle nerves pass through the hypoglossal canal?

A

Hypoglossal (CN 12)

39
Q

What type of nerve is glossopharyngeal? Function?

A

Mixed nerve (motor and sensory); Innervates muscle of the pharyngeal wall

40
Q

What type of nerve is vagus nerve? Function?

A

Mixed nerve (motor and sensory); Innervates several structures such as larynx, lungs, heart, liver, and structures in the abdomen

41
Q

What type of nerve is accessory nerve? Function?

A

Motor nerve; Innervates SCM and trapezius

42
Q

What type of nerve is hypoglossal nerve? Function?

A

Motor nerve; Innervates the tongue

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