Anterior Abdominal Wall / Inguinal Region Flashcards
Palpable bony landmarks
Costal margins, xiphoid process of sternum, iliac crest and tubercle, pubic crest and tubercle, pubic symphysis, anterior superior iliac spine
Location of: linea alba, linea semilunaris, tendinous (transverse) intersections, arcuate line
Linea alba – down midline of rectus abdominus
b. Tendinous intersections – horizontal to make 6 pack
c. Linea semilunaris – vertical part of 6 pack
d. Arcuate line – very bottom of the posterior aponeuroses – most inferior part of it
Costal margin:
Below sternum, ribs 7-10
Linea alba:
fibers of anterior and posterior sheaths interlacing together at the midline of the body
Above arcuate line: Fusion of all 3 layers: external/internal/transverse
Below arcuate line:
Linea semilunaris
fibers interlacing off center of linea alba
Tendinous intersections
tendinous fibers pass transversely / obliquely across rectus abdominus in zigzag
Arcuate Line
most inferior extension of the posterior sheath forming a crescent shaped border
Inguinal ligament
inferior border of the aponeuroses of external oblique ends in the ligament
Superficial inguinal ring
in anterior wall – triangular opening forming the exist of the inguinal canal
Ilioinguinal nerve, genitofemoral nerve and spermatic cord/round ligament
Inguinal canal:
Male: Spermatic Cord
Female: round Ligament
nerve / lymph / blood move through here too
abdominal cavity -> deep inguinal ring ->superficial inguinal ring ->
Deep inguinal ring
forms the entrance of the ring
Location of the following fascia: camper’s, scarpa’s, and transversalis fascia
Camper’s – fatty layer of superficial fascia
b. Scarpa’s – membranous layer of superficial fascia
c. Transversalis fascia – thin aponeurotic membrane between inner surface of transverse abdominal muscle and parietal peritoneum. Holds it in place from crashing to all the organs and stuff posterior.
Aponeurosis:
Sheet like tendons that allow the muscle to attach to its origin or insertion
Rectus sheath made of:
3 Aponeuroses (fusion) of external / internal oblique and transverse abdominis. (3 layers of muscles)
Nature of rectus sheath depends if you are above it or below it
Above arcuate line: you have anterior and posterior layers (external oblique and half of internal oblique in anterior, half of internal oblique and transverse abdominis in posterior.
Below: All 3 layers are anterior. Posterior is the transversalis fascia.
