Anterior Abdominal Wall, Groin Region Flashcards
Name the vertical planes which extend inferiorly from the midpoints of the clavicles to the midpoints of lines joining the anterior superior iliac spine to the pubic symphysis
Midclavicular plane
Name the horizontal plane joining the lowest point of the costal margin on each side. It lies at the inferior margin of rib 10
Subcostal plane
Name the horizontal plane which joins the tubercles of the iliac crests
Transtubercular plane
What two regions would you find the liver?
right hypochondrium and epigastric region
Which two organs would you find in the left hypochondrium?
spleen and the fundus and body of the stomach
What are the two subdivisions of the superficial fascia?
Camper’s and Scarpa’s Fascia
Which division of the superficial fascia is a thin fatty layer which is continuous with the superficial fascia of the perineum and thigh?
Camper’s fascia (Superficial Layer)
Which division of the superficial fascia is a membranous layer of fascia which is firmly fastened to the fascia lata of the thigh, just below the inguinal ligament?
Scarpa’s fascia (Deep Layer)
Why is the extravasation of urine more common in males?
Male urethra is longer, more superficial, and more horizontally oriented.
If the spongy urethra ruptures, why can urine not spread inferiorly?
Due to the firm attachment of scarpa’s fascia to the fascia lata.
What is a median tendinous raphe which extends from the xiphoid process to the pubic symphysis.
Linea Alba
What is the longest raphe in the body?
Linea Alba
Look at the muscles of the anterior wall; which ones have different actions and innervations?
External Oblique, Internal Oblique, Transversus Abdominis and Rectus Abdominis.
The linea alba lies between what two muscles?
The right and left rectus abdominis
What is the name of the curved line along the lateral border of the rectus abdominis muscle?
Linea semilunaris
What is the name of the 3 bundles of connective tissue which run transversely across the rectus abdominis muscle and which fuse with the rectus sheath?
Tendinous Intersections
What are the six functions of anterior abdominal wall muscles?
Coughing, Sneezing, Defecation, Micturition, Vomiting, and Parturition
The aponeuroses of which three muscles form an envelope known as the Rectus Sheath?
external oblique, internal oblique, and transversus abdominis
What is enclosed within the Rectus Sheath?
Rectus Abdominis muscle, Pyramidalis muscle, Super Epigastric Artery and Vein, Inferior Epigastric Artery and Vein, Anterior Primary Rami of Lower 6 Thoracic Nerves
When above the Arcuate Line, the anterior layer of the rectus sheath is composed of _________ and ________.
aponeurosis of the external and internal oblique muscles
When above the arcuate line, the posterior layer of the rectus sheath is composed of the aponeurosis of ______ and _______.
internal oblique and transversus abdominis muscles
Below the arcuate line, the anterior layer of the rectus sheath is composed of the aponeruosis of ____, _____, and ______.
external oblique, internal oblique, and transversus abdominis muscles
**Below the arcuate line, the posterior layer of the rectus sheath is formed by the _________.
transversalis fascia. (Starred this one because its not formed by an aponeruosis nor does it use the same muscles as above. Its unique).
Where is the median umbilical fold located and what does it contain?
Extends from the apex of the bladder to the umbilicus. Contains the urachus.
