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GI I > Anterior Abdominal Wall Anatomy > Flashcards

Anterior Abdominal Wall Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What line divides left from right quadrants?

A

Median plane

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2
Q

What line divides the upper from lower quadrants?

A

Transumbilical Plane

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3
Q

Xiphisternal Plane

A

Rib 7

T9

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4
Q

Unnamed Plane

A

Rib 8

T11

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5
Q

Transpyloric Plane

A

Rib 9

L1

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6
Q

Subcostal Plane

A

Rib 10

L3

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7
Q

Transtubercular Plane

A

L5

Widest part of the hips!

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8
Q

Interspinous Plane

A

ASIS

S2

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9
Q

Layers of Abdominal Wall

superficial –> Deep

A 
Camper's Fascia (yellow, fatty layer)
Scarpa's Fascia (white, deep membranous layer)
External Oblique M.
Internal Oblique M.
Transversus Abdominis M.
Transversalis Fascia (Endoabdominal)
Extraperitoneal Fat
Parietal Peritoneum
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10
Q

Direction of External Oblique Muscles?

A

Hands in pockets

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11
Q

Direction of Internal Oblique Muscles

A

Perpendicular to external oblique muscles.

Up to heart

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12
Q

Direction of Transversus Abdominis Muscles

A

Horizontal

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13
Q

Direction of Transversus Abdominis Muscles

A

Horizontal

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14
Q

Linea alba

A

central line where fascia of the rectus sheath connects

Xiphoid process to pubic symphysis

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15
Q

What three layers make up the Rectus Sheath?

A

External Oblique
Internal Oblique
Transversus Abdominis

Medial fusion: Linea alba
Lateral fusion: Linea semilunaris

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16
Q

Anterior structures above the Arcuate Line?

A

Anterior:
External Oblique
Internal Oblique

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17
Q

Posterior structures above the Arcuate Line

A

Internal Oblique
Transversus Abdominis
Transversalis fascia

18
Q

Anterior structures below Arcuate line

A

External Oblique
Internal Oblique
Transversus Abdominis

19
Q

Posterior structures below Arcuate line

A

Transversalis fascia

20
Q

Neurovasculature of the abdominal wall is located between which two layers?

A

Internal Oblique

Transversus Abdominis

21
Q

Thoracoabdominal Nerves

A

T7-T11

22
Q

Subcostal Nerves

A

T12

23
Q

Iliohypogastric Nerve

A

L1

24
Q

Ilio-inguinal Nerve

A

L1

25
Q

What does the inferior epigastric artery branch off of?

A

External iliac A

26
Q

Where would you make a midline incision?

A

Xiphoid process to pubic symphysis

27
Q

Where would you make a subcostal incision?

A

Parallel to costal margin, 2.5 cm inferior

28
Q

Where would you make a suprapubic midline?

A

C-sections!

Horizontal at the pubic hair line, with slight convexity

29
Q

Where would you make a paramedian incision?

A

From costal margin to iliac crest along the linea semilunaris

30
Q

What are the three Deep lymph nodes?

A

External iliac nodes
Common iliac nodes
Lumbar nodes

31
Q

What are the three Superficial lymph nodes?

A

Axillary lymph nodes
Parasternal lymph nodes
Superficial inguinal nodes

32
Q

Lymph above the transumbilical plane will travel to what lymph nodes?

A

Axillary lymph nodes

33
Q

Lymph below the transumbilical plane will travel to what LN?

A

Superficial inguinal lymph nodes

34
Q

Going medial to laterl, what is the order of folds on the internal surface of the anterior abdominal wall?

A

Median umbilical Fold
Medial umbilical Fold
Lateral umbilical Fold

35
Q

What is the medial umbilical fold a remnant of?

A

Umbilical arteries

36
Q

What is the median umbilical fold a remnant of?

A

Urachus (allantois)

37
Q

Where are the supravesical fossae located?

A

Between median and medial umbilical folds

38
Q

Where are the medial inguinal fossae located?

A

Between medial and lateral umbilical folds

39
Q

Where are the lateral inguinal fossae located?

A

Lateral to the lateral umbilical folds

40
Q

In which fossa would a direct inguinal hernia be located?

A

Medial inguinal fossa

41
Q

In which fossa would an indirect inguinal hernia be located?

A

Lateral inguinal fossa

42
Q

Three main features of Prune Belly Syndrome

A
  1. Weak/ deficient Anterior abdominal wall muscles
  2. Urinary Tract anomalies
  3. Bilateral cryptorchidism

GI I (3 decks)

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