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NURS 320 - Exam 1 > Antepartum Nursing Assessment > Flashcards

Antepartum Nursing Assessment Flashcards

1
Q

Gravida refers to ______

A

Number of pregnancies

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2
Q

Para refers to ______

A

Number of births > 20 weeks

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3
Q

When is term?

A

38 - 42 weeks

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4
Q

When is preterm?

A

20 - 37 weeks

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5
Q

When is postterm?

A

> 42 weeks

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6
Q

When are the recommended antepartum visits? (4)

A
  • First visit at 10 weeks
  • Every 4 weeks until 28 weeks
  • Every 2 weeks until 36 weeks
  • Every week until delivery
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7
Q

What are the high risk factors associated with antepartum? (4)

A
  • Multiple pregnancy
  • Rh / ABO sensitization
  • Previous LBW / macrosomia
  • Age < 16 or > 35
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8
Q

When does gestation start?

A

First day of LMP

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9
Q

When is the first trimester?

A

1 - 13 weeks

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10
Q

When is the second trimester?

A

14 - 26 weeks

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11
Q

When is the third trimester?

A

27 - 42 weeks

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12
Q

______ is a formula used to estimate the estimated date of delivery (EDD)

A

Nagele’s rule

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13
Q

Describe Nagele’s rule

A

First day of LMP - 3 months + 7 days

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14
Q

Describe clinical pelvimetry

A

Measurement of pelvis dimensions through palpation during an internal pelvic exam

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15
Q

What is the most important clinical method for dating a pregnancy in the first 9 - 12 weeks?

A

Uterine size compatible with menstrual history

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16
Q

When can fundal height be measured?

A

10 - 12 weeks

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17
Q

When can the gestational sac be detected by ultrasound?

A

5 - 6 weeks

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18
Q

When can fetal heartbeat be detected by ultrasound?

A

6 - 7 weeks

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19
Q

When can fetal heartbeat be detected by doppler?

A

12 - 14 weeks

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20
Q

When can fetal heartbeat be detected by fetoscope?

A

16 - 20 weeks

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21
Q

What is the primary tool used for assessing fetal heartbeat during the first trimester?

A

Doppler

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22
Q

What is the normal fetal heart rate detected by a doppler?

A

110 - 160 BPM

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23
Q

Describe non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT)

A

Screening via maternal blood sample

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24
Q

What can be detected through non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT)? (3)

A
  • Risk of chromosomal disorders
  • Fetal blood type
  • Fetal gender
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25
When can non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) be conducted?
9 weeks
26
Pregnancy symptoms experienced / reported by the woman are called ______ signs
Subjective (presumptive)
27
Pregnancy changes perceived by the examiner are called ______ signs
Objective (probable)
28
What are some examples of subjective (presumptive) signs? (7)
- Amenorrhea - Leukorrhea - Breast changes - Weight changes - Nausea / vomiting - Urinary frequency - Quickening
29
What are some examples of objective (probable) signs? (3)
- Skin changes - pigmentation / striae - Pelvic organ changes - Lab tests - hCG
30
What changes in pelvic organs are seen during pregnancy? (4)
- Goodell's sign - Chadwick's sign - Hegar's sign - Braxton-Hicks
31
Describe Goodell's sign
Softening of the cervix
32
Describe Chadwick's sign
Blue / purple cervix
33
Describe Hegar's sign
Softening of the uterine isthmus
34
What is fundal height?
Distance from the pubic bone to the top of the uterus (fundus)
35
What are the expected findings related to fundal height?
Number of cm correlates with number of weeks gestation (may fluctuate by 2 - 3 cm)
36
What cases may result in a larger than expected fundal height? (4)
- Twins - Obesity - Uterine fibroids - Polyhydramnios
37
What method is used to measure fundal height?
MacDonald's method
38
Describe MacDonald's method
Place 0 cm on the symphysis pubis and extend over the curve of the abdomen to the top of the uterus
39
When measuring fundal height, the woman should ______
Void prior to measurement
40
What method is used to determine the orientation of the fetus through abdominal palpation?
Leopold Maneuver
41
Describe the Leopold Maneuver
1st - determines fetal direction (vertical or transverse)
42
Describe the Leopold Maneuver
2nd - determines position of fetal back and small parts
43
Describe the Leopold Maneuver
3rd - palpates presenting part to determine degree of engagement
44
Describe the Leopold Maneuver
4th - determines fetal occipital prominence
45
How much weight gain is expected during the first trimester?
0 - 3 lbs
46
How much weight gain is expected during the second trimester?
10 - 12 lbs
47
How much weight gain is expected during the third trimester?
8 - 10 lbs
48
Women with normal BMI and one fetus are expected to gain ______ during pregnancy
25 - 35 lbs
49
Hemoglobin of ______ indicates anemia
< 11
50
Rubella ratio of ______ indicates immunity
1:10 ( < 1:10 - susceptible to measles infection)
51
What specimens are obtained during pregnancy? (2)
- Urinalysis - Vaginal - gonorrhea / chlamydia
52
What does increased maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (MSAFP) indicate?
Neural tube defects
53
What does decreased maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (MSAFP) indicate?
Downs syndrome
54
What intervention should occur in the case of abnormal maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (MSAFP) levels?
Follow up with amniocentesis to confirm results
55
When is maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (MSAFP) testing conducted?
16 - 18 weeks
56
When is Rh antibody screen conducted?
28 weeks
57
What signs are considered dangerous during pregnancy? (6)
- Blurred vision - Epigastric pain - Persistent vomiting - Decreased fetal movements - Vaginal bleeding / fluid drainage - Swelling around face, fingers, or sacrum
58
"Eating for two" suggests an additional ______ calories per day
300
59
What is the recommended daily intake of folic acid during pregnancy?
0.4 mg (400 mcg)
60
Consumption of ______ is essential for growth of the fetus / meeting the demands of pregnancy
Protein
61
What foods should be avoided during pregnancy? (6)
- Smoked seafood - Fish with mercury - Hot dogs / deli meats - Meat-based spreads - Unpasteurized milk - Soft cheese

NURS 320 - Exam 1 (9 decks)

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