Ant. And Post. Pituitary Flashcards
Patient with dwarfism is treated by?
Synthetic recombinant human GH (Somatotropin)
Patient has sudden increase of GH after puberty, what medication suits him the best?
Somatostatin (GHIH)
Pegvisomat (GH receptor antagonist)
Neumerate the therapeutic uses of somatropin?
Treatment of GH deficiency
TTT of GH failure
Antiaging hormone
Patient is taking somatropin for growth failure, what are the expected adverse effects?
Pain at the injection site
Edema, arthralgia, myalgia
Flu-like symptoms
Increased risk of diabetes
What are the synthetic analogs of somatostatin called?
Octreotide, lanreotide
Octreotide, lanreotide are used to treat what?
Acromegaly
Patient is taking somatostatin for treating acromegaly, what are the suspected adverse effects?
GIT
Gallbladder emptying is delayed, asymptomatic cholesterol gallstones occur w long-term TTT
What is the refractory TTT to other modes of therapy? And what’s it’s Ad
Pegvisomant
Growth of the GH-secreting pituitary tumors
Increase in liver enzymes
What are used for TTT of hyperprolactenemia?
Bromocriptine and cabergoline
Dopamine agonist
Bromocriptine and cabergoline Uses?
TTT hyperprolactenemia
Prevent breast engorgemenf when breast-feeding is not desired
Bromocriptine and cabergoline adverse effects are?
Headache light-Headness, orthostatic Hypotension, fatigue
Psychiatric manifestations
Cold induces Peripheral digital vasospasm
Pulmonary infiltrates
Can we use dopamine agonists in early stages of pregnancy?
No, Spontaneous abortion or congenital malformation
What’s expected in cases of supressing postpartum lactation?
Stroke or coronary thrombosis
Nausea can be reduced in cases of taking bromocriptine?
Cabergoline
Vaginal administration
Start w lower doses and increase gradually
Oxytocin Therapeutic uses?
To induce labor
To control postpartum hemorrhage
Oxytocin adverse effects are?
Excessive stimulation of uterine contractions, fetal distress, placental abruption, uterine rupture
Activation of AVP receptors, excessive fluid retention, water intoxication, hyponatremia, HF, seizures, Death
Bolus injection can cause hypotension
Is there any contra of oxytocin?
Fetal distress, prematurity, abnormal fetal lresentation, cephalopelvic disproportion, and other predispositions for uterine rupture
Oxytocin antagonist is called? What is it used for? How?
Atosiban, TTT for preterm labor
Reduces the frequency of uterine contactions to delay pre-term birth
Iv
Inhibitor of oxytocin and AVP
Vasopressin and desmopressin used to treat what?
DI
Desmopressin: noctural enuresis
Vasopressin: ttt of bleeding esophageal varices and colonic diverticular bleeding
Vasopressin and desmopressin adverse effect
Headache, nausea, abdominal cramps, agitation, allergic reaction
Vasopressin: vasoconstriction
Overdose: hyponatremia n seizures
Vasopressin antagonist are? What are they used for?
Conivaptan, Tolvaptan
Hyponatremia, CHF, cirrhosis, SIADH
