Answers

Question 1

Is A or B expiration and why? (2)

Answer 1

A because volume of the thorax is decreased and diaphragm bends inwards

Question 2

Give instructions to find vital capacity (2)

Answer 2

Use spirometer, put mouth on mouthpiece and inhale and exhale as deeply as possible

Question 3

Describe mechanism of enzymes and how temp affects it (6)

Answer 3

• Lock and key, complementary shape of lipid and active site
• as temp increase rate of reaction does too because they gain kinetic energy and are there for more likely to collide and catalyse
• if temp is too high hydrogen bonds will break and active site denatures and changes shape, site is no longer complementary.
• induced fit means lipase must also change shape so it fits lipid.

Question 4

All circulatory systems are (1)

Answer 4

Closed

Question 5

One difference between human and fish cirulatory system (1)

Answer 5

Fish is single human is double

Question 6

Which phases are interphase

Answer 6

G0, G1, S, G2

Question 7

What is chitin most similar to? (2)

Answer 7

Beta glucose

Question 8

Difference between this monomer and typical monosaccharides (1)

Answer 8

Nitrogen

Question 9

Explain how chitin is made and its structure (4)

Answer 9

• every other monomer is rotated 180 when bonded
• forms 1-4 glycosidic bond by removal of H on OH in one monomer and OH from another
• condensation reaction
• straight uncoiled chains then form hydrogen bonds with other chains to form string microfibrils

Question 10

What is process by which colony evolved (1)

Answer 10

Natural selection

Question 11

What can we deuce about fungal enzymes (2)

Answer 11

They are extra cellular, released into surroundings

Because the area around the fungus has no starch

Question 12

Why isn’t ph controlled (1)

Answer 12

It changes through out the experiment

Question 13

Name another that isn’t controlled (1)

Answer 13

Volume/drops of indicator on white tile

Question 14

Name one that is controlled (1)

Answer 14

Time/intervals

Question 15

Where is the optimum temperature of lipase (1/2)

Answer 15

30-35

Question 16

Purpose of chitin rings

Answer 16

To support trachea

Question 17

Alternative what could happen as a result of chitin (1)

Answer 17

Mites may be vectors and cause disease

Might bite through trachea

Question 18

Degrees of freedom

Answer 18

3

Question 19

Why isn’t T test suitable? (1)

Answer 19

T test can only be used when two sets of data are used

Question 20

Chi squared thing

Answer 20

13.85

Question 21

Change in relative proportion of MRSA (2)

Answer 21

Increases to 52.4%

Due to decrease in non resistant death and increase in MRSA death

Question 22

Conclusion since 2007 (3)

Answer 22

• MRSA has decreased
• non resistant has decreased
• MRSA has decreased faster

Question 23

Percentage increase of death from MRSA (2)

Answer 23

-3140%

Question 24

Which divides the shortest (1)

Answer 24

Q binary fission

Question 25

Suggest why R stays in G1/G0 (1/2)

Answer 25

- it doesn't replicate or divide so no time spend in S or M - checkpoint may be faulty - or cell remains dormant in G0

Question 26

Give two alternative methods that increase accuracy (4)

Answer 26

- Take the range of 30-35 and investigate at smaller intervals - use lower time intervals to find out more accurate point at which lipid is catalysed

Question 27

Why does P spend double the time in S as Q? (2)

Answer 27

Because there is double the amount of Dna so double the amount of time to replicate

Question 28

Tick box mitosis or meosis

Answer 28

``` Mitosis Meiosis Mitosis Meiosis Mitosis ```