ANSI Z136.3 - Lasers Used in Medicine and Surgery Flashcards

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1
Q

The thermal effect of laser radiation on tissue can be affected by what laser properties?

A
  1. Wavelength
  2. Power
  3. Energy
  4. Spot size of the incident beam
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2
Q

Coagulation, sealing, or cauterizing with minimal necrosis that occurs at temperatures above ________.

A

45°C

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3
Q

Vaporization for incising or excising that occurs at temperatures over ________ in tissue of _____________________.

A

Vaporization for incising or excising that occurs at temperatures over 100° C in tissue of high water or collagen content.

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4
Q

The thermal effect of laser radiation on tissue can be affected by what tissue properties?

A
  1. Volume of circulating blood in the target tissue
  2. Specific heat of the tissue
  3. Thermal conductivity of the tissue
  4. Non-homogeneity of the issue
  5. Transmission, reflection, and refraction or internal scattering losses of various tissues
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5
Q

How is ionizing radiation produced during laser operation?

A

The coupling of very high-peak power and short duration (nano to femtosecond) pulses of laser radiation will ionize molecules in target tissue creating an acoustic shockwave.

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6
Q

What is PDT?

A

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a process whereby a photonics device is used to activate a photosensitizer that localizes preferentially in metabolically active cells or microvasculature after being introduced into a patient with a treatable pathology (e.g., certain cancers, actinic keratosis, macular degeneration).

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7
Q

What wavelengths is the excimer laser operated in?

A

193 nm
248 nm
308 nm
351 nm

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8
Q

What specialties is the excimer laser operated in?

A

Angioplasty and ophthalmology for ablation
Dermatology for psoriasis and vitiligo

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9
Q

Is the excimer laser pulsed or CW?

A

Pulsed

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10
Q

What wavelengths is the krypton laser operated in?

A

521 nm
531 nm
568 nm
647 nm

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11
Q

What specialties is the krypton laser operated in?

A

Ophthalmology

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12
Q

Is the krypton laser pulsed or CW?

A

CW

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13
Q

What wavelengths are argon or green diode lasers operated in?

A

457.9 nm to 532 nm

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14
Q

What specialties are argon or green diode lasers operated in?

A

Superficial photocoagulation
Ophthalmology
Dermatology
Urology
Otorhinolaryngology (ENT)

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15
Q

Are argon and green diode lasers pulsed or CW?

A

CW

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