Anselm Companion to the Bible

Question 1

Deuterocanonical

Answer 1

adj. literally meaning “second” (deutero) and “accepted” (canonical)

7 Biblical texts that were in the Septuagint (used by the early Christians).

Tobit, Judith, Wisdom of Solomon, Sirach (Ecclesiasticus), Baruch (including the Letter of Jeremiah), 1 Maccabees, and 2 Maccabees.

Question 2

When was the canon of Scripture officially promulgated by the Catholic Church?

Answer 2

The Council of Trent (1545-1563)

Question 3

Apocrypha

Answer 3

n. literally means “hidden”, but used to mean “not inspired”/ not in the canon

Question 4

Ecumenical

Answer 4

adj.”representing a number of different Christian churches” and “seeking unity between them”

Has its etymological roots in “worldwide”

Question 5

What was the first ecumenical council?

Answer 5

The Council of Nicea (325)

Against the heresy of arius (arianism)

The entire council contained the 1st - the 7th Ecumenical Councils.

Question 6

What is an Ecumenical Council

Answer 6

a worldwide council of Bishops

other religous leaders (including Orthodox) are invited, but get no vote

Question 7

Exegesis

Answer 7

explanation or interpretation of a text, especially of scripture

Question 8

Eisegesis

Answer 8

when a reader imposes their interpretation of the text

Question 9

Hermeneutics

Answer 9

method or theory of interpretation

Question 10

Heresy

Answer 10

unorthodoxy

Question 11

Schism

Answer 11

the rupture of ecclesiastical union and unity

“how are we going to make rules in our churches?”

schism is a genus which embraces two distinct species: heretical or mixed schism and schism pure and simple. The first has its source in heresy or joined with it. The second is the rupture of the bond of subordination without an accompanying persistent error, directly opposed to a definite dogma. “there is this difference, that heresy perverts dogma, while schism, by rebellion against the bishop, separates from the Church. Nevertheless there is no schism which does not trump up a heresy to justify its departure from the Church” -St. Gerome and Augustine

Question 12

Where were the Dead Sea Scrolls found?

Answer 12

Qumran (between 1945or 1947)

at the top of the Dead Sea near Jerusalem

Question 13

Manuscript

Answer 13

hand written original or copy

Question 14

Autographs

Answer 14

a manuscript in the authors own handwriting (original)

Question 15

What are the four hermeneutics for Biblical reading?

Answer 15

Ecclesial, Historical/Incarnational, Canonical, Christological

Question 16

Ecclesial reading of the Bible (hermeneutic 1)

Answer 16

reading the the Tradition and teaching of the Church

Question 17

Historical/Incarnational reading of Scripture (Hermeneutic 2)

Answer 17

reading the bible in the context of the people and history

If the Incarnation is a real historical event, then the Bible is a real, historical work. Ex. “Lord, let Your face shine upon us” is a Hebrew saying–> God’s favor.

Question 18

Canonical reading of Scripture (3rd Hermeneutic)

Answer 18

respecting the entirety of Scripture

Question 19

Christological reading of Scripture (4th Hermeneutic)

Answer 19

the whole (canon) of Scripture speaks of Christ

“the Old Testament is revealed in the New, and the New Tesament is hidden in the Old”

Question 20

Codes, Codices

Answer 20

n. bound writings (books)

typically ancient writings

Question 21

Corpus

Answer 21

(Latin) the entirety of someone’s works

Question 22

Pentateuch

Answer 22

“the 5 books”/the first five books of the Hebrew Bible

Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy

Question 23

Torah

Answer 23

the law, the Pentateuch, teaching the law

multiple meanings

Question 24

Septuagint

Answer 24

a Greek version of the Hebrew Bible (or Old Testament), including the Apocrypha, made for Greek-speaking Jews in Egypt in the 3rd and 2nd centuries BC and adopted by the early Christian Churches

YEAH!

Question 25

When were chapters and verses added to the Bible

Answer 25

Around 1227 (Early 13th century) the process was finished and attributed commonly to Archbishop of Canterbury Stephen Langton

A period of around 200 years. Chapters, then verses.

Question 26

Transliteration

Answer 26

writing a word the way it might sound (for translations)

Question 27

What does “Lord” mean in the Bible

Answer 27

translation of the Hebrew word “adonai” (אֲדֹנָי) or the Greek word “kurios” (Κύριος). Emphasizes His lordship and authority over creation

Titles used to refer to God or to show respect and reverence for someone in a position of authority.

Question 28

What does “LORD” mean in the Bible

Answer 28

the Hebrew name of God, “YHWH” (יְהֹוָה), also known as the Tetragrammaton.

This is the personal name of God revealed to Moses in the Old Testament.

Question 29

What are the Criteria for something to be considered Scripture

According to the “Anselm Companion to the Bible”

Answer 29

Apolicity, catholicity, orthodoxy, traditional

Question 30

Apolicity (Criteria for Scripture)

Answer 30

seen as deriving from the era of the apostles or agreeing with what the early Church took to be apostolic teaching

Question 31

catholicity (Criteria for Scripture)

Answer 31

relevant to the Church at large

Question 32

orthodoxy (Criteria for Scripture)

Answer 32

does not contradict the rule of faith

Question 33

traditional (Criteria for Scripture)

Answer 33

in use in worship in most churches from early times

Question 34

Rigorism

Answer 34

n. extreme strictness in interpreting or enforcing a law, precept, or principle

Topic of debate in the early Church around forgiveness of those who deny faith under persecution. Saint Cyprian of Carthage, who initially took a rigorist stance but later adopted a more lenient approach towards the lapsi (forgiveness is possible).

Question 35

Just as we believe people were inspired writers…

Answer 35

we believe there were “inspired readers” in choosing the canon and correct teaching.

Question 36

What is the definition of

Parchment

Answer 36

n. a stiff, flat, thin material made from the prepared skin of an animal and used as a durable writing surface in ancient and medieval times

Question 37

When is the

Pre-Historical Period

Answer 37

before the first temple (10th century/1000-901BC)

No resources other than the Bible that can compare before.

Question 38

Define

Covenant

Answer 38

an agreement between parties that establishes a relationship

Question 39

Define

Vassal Covenant

Answer 39

a covenant between a superior and subordiante

Question 40

Define

Grant Covenant

Answer 40

A one way covenant

Question 41

Define

Reciprocal Covenant

Answer 41

two-way covenant

Question 42

Why is it a theory that Genesis 1 was written by a different author than Genesis 2 (brief)

Answer 42

Gen. 1 uses “God”=Elohim. Gen. 2 uses “LORD”=YHWH.

See notes for more distinctions

Question 43

Define

“Elohim”

Answer 43

(אֱלֹהִים) emphasizes God’s power and creative abilities. Translated as “God”

Question 44

What are the three things God promises Abraham?

Answer 44

Land(Gen 12:7), descendants(Gen 5:15), worldwide blessing(Gen 12:3)

Question 45

Define

Wedding Canopy

Answer 45

Jewish “Chuppah”. In Jewish tradition, the chuppah symbolizes the new home that the couple will build together after marriage. The chuppah is typically a square or rectangular fabric canopy supported by four poles, symbolizing the four walls of a home. It is open on all four sides, representing the couple’s openness and hospitality to friends, family, and community. During the wedding ceremony, the couple and the officiant stand under the chuppah as they exchange vows and blessings.