Anselm Companion to the Bible Flashcards
Deuterocanonical
adj. literally meaning “second” (deutero) and “accepted” (canonical)
7 Biblical texts that were in the Septuagint (used by the early Christians).
Tobit, Judith, Wisdom of Solomon, Sirach (Ecclesiasticus), Baruch (including the Letter of Jeremiah), 1 Maccabees, and 2 Maccabees.
When was the canon of Scripture officially promulgated by the Catholic Church?
The Council of Trent (1545-1563)
Apocrypha
n. literally means “hidden”, but used to mean “not inspired”/ not in the canon
Ecumenical
adj.”representing a number of different Christian churches” and “seeking unity between them”
Has its etymological roots in “worldwide”
What was the first ecumenical council?
The Council of Nicea (325)
Against the heresy of arius (arianism)
The entire council contained the 1st - the 7th Ecumenical Councils.
What is an Ecumenical Council
a worldwide council of Bishops
other religous leaders (including Orthodox) are invited, but get no vote
Exegesis
explanation or interpretation of a text, especially of scripture
Eisegesis
when a reader imposes their interpretation of the text
Hermeneutics
method or theory of interpretation
Heresy
unorthodoxy
Schism
the rupture of ecclesiastical union and unity
“how are we going to make rules in our churches?”
schism is a genus which embraces two distinct species: heretical or mixed schism and schism pure and simple. The first has its source in heresy or joined with it. The second is the rupture of the bond of subordination without an accompanying persistent error, directly opposed to a definite dogma. “there is this difference, that heresy perverts dogma, while schism, by rebellion against the bishop, separates from the Church. Nevertheless there is no schism which does not trump up a heresy to justify its departure from the Church” -St. Gerome and Augustine
Where were the Dead Sea Scrolls found?
Qumran (between 1945or 1947)
at the top of the Dead Sea near Jerusalem
Manuscript
hand written original or copy
Autographs
a manuscript in the authors own handwriting (original)
What are the four hermeneutics for Biblical reading?
Ecclesial, Historical/Incarnational, Canonical, Christological
Ecclesial reading of the Bible (hermeneutic 1)
reading the the Tradition and teaching of the Church
Historical/Incarnational reading of Scripture (Hermeneutic 2)
reading the bible in the context of the people and history
If the Incarnation is a real historical event, then the Bible is a real, historical work. Ex. “Lord, let Your face shine upon us” is a Hebrew saying–> God’s favor.
Canonical reading of Scripture (3rd Hermeneutic)
respecting the entirety of Scripture
Christological reading of Scripture (4th Hermeneutic)
the whole (canon) of Scripture speaks of Christ
“the Old Testament is revealed in the New, and the New Tesament is hidden in the Old”
Codes, Codices
n. bound writings (books)
typically ancient writings
Corpus
(Latin) the entirety of someone’s works
Pentateuch
“the 5 books”/the first five books of the Hebrew Bible
Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy
Torah
the law, the Pentateuch, teaching the law
multiple meanings
Septuagint
a Greek version of the Hebrew Bible (or Old Testament), including the Apocrypha, made for Greek-speaking Jews in Egypt in the 3rd and 2nd centuries BC and adopted by the early Christian Churches
YEAH!
When were chapters and verses added to the Bible
Around 1227 (Early 13th century) the process was finished and attributed commonly to Archbishop of Canterbury Stephen Langton
A period of around 200 years. Chapters, then verses.
Transliteration
writing a word the way it might sound (for translations)
What does “Lord” mean in the Bible
translation of the Hebrew word “adonai” (אֲדֹנָי) or the Greek word “kurios” (Κύριος). Emphasizes His lordship and authority over creation
Titles used to refer to God or to show respect and reverence for someone in a position of authority.
What does “LORD” mean in the Bible
the Hebrew name of God, “YHWH” (יְהֹוָה), also known as the Tetragrammaton.
This is the personal name of God revealed to Moses in the Old Testament.
What are the Criteria for something to be considered Scripture
According to the “Anselm Companion to the Bible”
Apolicity, catholicity, orthodoxy, traditional
Apolicity (Criteria for Scripture)
seen as deriving from the era of the apostles or agreeing with what the early Church took to be apostolic teaching
catholicity (Criteria for Scripture)
relevant to the Church at large
orthodoxy (Criteria for Scripture)
does not contradict the rule of faith
traditional (Criteria for Scripture)
in use in worship in most churches from early times
Rigorism
n. extreme strictness in interpreting or enforcing a law, precept, or principle
Topic of debate in the early Church around forgiveness of those who deny faith under persecution. Saint Cyprian of Carthage, who initially took a rigorist stance but later adopted a more lenient approach towards the lapsi (forgiveness is possible).
Just as we believe people were inspired writers…
we believe there were “inspired readers” in choosing the canon and correct teaching.
What is the definition of
Parchment
n. a stiff, flat, thin material made from the prepared skin of an animal and used as a durable writing surface in ancient and medieval times
When is the
Pre-Historical Period
before the first temple (10th century/1000-901BC)
No resources other than the Bible that can compare before.
Define
Covenant
an agreement between parties that establishes a relationship
Define
Vassal Covenant
a covenant between a superior and subordiante
Define
Grant Covenant
A one way covenant
Define
Reciprocal Covenant
two-way covenant
Why is it a theory that Genesis 1 was written by a different author than Genesis 2 (brief)
Gen. 1 uses “God”=Elohim. Gen. 2 uses “LORD”=YHWH.
See notes for more distinctions
Define
“Elohim”
(אֱלֹהִים) emphasizes God’s power and creative abilities. Translated as “God”
What are the three things God promises Abraham?
Land(Gen 12:7), descendants(Gen 5:15), worldwide blessing(Gen 12:3)
Define
Wedding Canopy
Jewish “Chuppah”. In Jewish tradition, the chuppah symbolizes the new home that the couple will build together after marriage. The chuppah is typically a square or rectangular fabric canopy supported by four poles, symbolizing the four walls of a home. It is open on all four sides, representing the couple’s openness and hospitality to friends, family, and community. During the wedding ceremony, the couple and the officiant stand under the chuppah as they exchange vows and blessings.