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ANSC 321 Exam 3 > ANSC 321 Exam 3 > Flashcards

ANSC 321 Exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Why do we want to avoid things like ADR, funny looking, and acting weird as descriptions of animal descriptions?

A

subjective and lack description; important to use measurable terms for accurate assessment

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2
Q

TPR

A

temperature, pulse, respiration

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3
Q

MM

A

mucous membrane

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4
Q

CRT

A

capillary refill time

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5
Q

Why is it important to assess an animal’s mentation?

A

provides insight on the animals mental state, attentive/ alertness, etc.

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6
Q

Do we typically use F or C when recording an animals temp?

A

F in America, C literally everywhere else

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7
Q

What is the most accurate way to take an animals temp?

A

Rectal temp

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8
Q

What is the normal body temp for dogs?

A

101-102.5 F

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9
Q

What is the normal body temp for cats?

A

100.5-102.5 F

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10
Q

What are normal pulses for cats?

A

140-220 bpm

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11
Q

What are normal pulses for dogs?

A

60-160 bpm

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12
Q

When measuring an animals pulse what are you actually measuring?

A

the hearts number of beats per minute

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13
Q

What are the two ways to determine the pulse of an animal?

A

palpitation and using a stethoscope

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14
Q

If unable to feel the heart rate, where else could you feel the pulse?

A

femoral artery

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15
Q

What may be happening to a dog with a weak pulse?

A

may indicate shock or cardiovascular issues

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16
Q

Bradycardia

A

SLOWER than normal heart rate

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17
Q

Tachycardia

A

FASTER than normal heart rate

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18
Q

Why is it important to consider the animals surroundings and level of FAS when assessing an animals pulse?

A

FAS can affect the pulse rate by elevating it

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19
Q

How do you determine CRT and what does it indicate?

A

press on animals mucous membranes and observe how quick color comes back; prolonged CRT means poor circulation

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20
Q

What do you look for when looking at MM? What do they look like normal vs diseased?

A

color, moisture and CRT, normal MM are pink, moist and have quick CRT, diseased being pale and dry

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21
Q

Why is blue color so concerning with MM?

A

means serious problems, poor oxygen, lack of blood flow maybe

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22
Q

What does BAR mean in assessing mentation? What are concerning descriptors of mentation?

A

Bright, Alert, Responsive; concerning descriptions include lethargy, anorexia, stupor, coma, etc.

23
Q

Complementary medicine:

A

used WITH conventional treatments

24
Q

Alternative medicine:

A

practices and products used in place of conventional medicine

25
Q

What are examples of complementary medications?

A

acupuncture, diet supplements, etc.

26
Q

What are pheromones? Where are they absorbed by dogs and cats? Are they safe?

A

chemicals secreted by animals used to communicate with other members of the same species, absorbed through receptors in their nose, they’re generally safe

27
Q

What forms are F3 pheromones available to use? In what forms are dog appeasing pheromones available?

A

F3 pheromone diffusers, spray, collars; dogs have diffusers or collars

28
Q

What music has been shown to be effective in reducing FAS?

A

classical music, soft rock and reggae

29
Q

Describe how pressure products work?

A

pressure wraps help provide comfort and create a calming effect

30
Q

PVP

A

pre visit pharmaceuticals

31
Q

In general what types of pain meds should be considered?

A

NSAIDS (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs)

32
Q

Why are pharmaceuticals needed at times to support Fear Free protocols?

A

Pharmaceutical interventions may be necessary to manage anxiety, fear, and stress in animals during veterinary procedures; medications can help create a more positive and comfortable experience

33
Q

What is the best way to prevent FAS, pain, nausea, vomiting, and aggression?

A

involves a combination of creating a calm environment, using gentle handling techniques, providing pre-visit pharmaceuticals, and employing appropriate sedation and analgesia protocols.

34
Q

What should happen with a patient with known FAS when they enter the hospital?

A

should be handled with extra care upon entering the hospital. Implementing Fear Free techniques, such as using calming pheromones, providing a quiet space, and minimizing exposure to stressors

35
Q

Why might there be hesitancy to sedate an animal who has high FAS?

A

because the administration of drugs may be challenging, and there is a concern about the potential for adverse reactions or increased stress during the process.

36
Q

What must be discussed with the owner immediately when considering sedation?

A

The veterinarian should discuss the benefits and risks of sedation, the reasons for sedation, and any necessary pre-sedation instructions with the owner

37
Q

What is the problem with waiting to sedate an animal with FAS?

A

can lead to prolonged distress, making it more challenging to perform necessary procedures and potentially causing negative long-term effects on the animal’s behavior

38
Q

Why is the determination of pain important when addressing FAS?

A

Pain can contribute to fear and anxiety. Addressing pain through proper analgesia helps reduce Fear, Anxiety, and Stress (FAS), creating a more positive experience for the patient

39
Q

When would light sedation be used as opposed to profound sedation?

A

Light sedation may be used for mildly anxious animals or minor procedures, while profound sedation may be necessary for highly anxious animals or more invasive procedures

40
Q

Considering that some sedatives can cause nausea, which can increase FAS, what should be considered for those patients prior to the veterinary visit?

A

Patients sensitive to nausea-inducing sedatives should be identified, and alternative medications or pre-visit anti-nausea measures should be considered to minimize (FAS)

41
Q

What must you obtain before using any sedative on a patient?

A

it is essential to obtain a thorough medical history, assess the patient’s current health status, and consider any potential drug interactions or contraindications

42
Q

When comparing patients that fall into ASA low risk categories vs. ASA high risk categories, what would you consider when designing sedation protocols?

A

Patients in different American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) risk categories may require adjustments in sedation protocols. High-risk patients may need more careful monitoring and adjustments in drug choices or dosages

43
Q

What should you consider when determining which drugs to use?

A

factors such as the patient’s health status, the procedure’s invasiveness, potential drug interactions, and the desired level of sedation and analgesia should be considered

44
Q

What should you consider when observing a patient that is recovering from sedation or anesthesia?

A

it is crucial to monitor the patient for signs of distress, pain, or complications. Vital signs, behavior, and response to stimuli should be closely observed

45
Q

Why would you NOT want to reverse sedation in certain animals during recovery?

A

in certain animals during recovery may not be advisable if the patient still requires sedation for postoperative care or if rapid reversal could lead to stress or anxiety

46
Q

What do you need to recommend for owners upon discharge of an animal that has been sedated?

A

Owners should be provided with clear post-sedation instructions, including any necessary at-home care, monitoring for signs of complications, and instructions on when to seek veterinary attention

47
Q

Why is it important to monitor a patient’s temperature and to keep it warm during recovery?

A

is crucial to prevent hypothermia, especially when under anesthesia. Hypothermia can lead to complications and prolong recovery time

48
Q

needs to be accounted for when considering sedation and analgesia protocols: Available drugs

A

Different drugs have varying effects, durations, and potential side effects. Choosing appropriate medications ensures the desired level of sedation and analgesia while minimizing risks

49
Q

needs to be accounted for when considering sedation and analgesia protocols: Pain level

A

Tailoring analgesia to the patient’s pain level is crucial for effective pain management. Assessing pain helps determine the appropriate dosage and type of analgesic

50
Q

needs to be accounted for when considering sedation and analgesia protocols: Patient health

A

influences the choice and dosage of medications. Underlying health conditions may affect drug metabolism and response

51
Q

needs to be accounted for when considering sedation and analgesia protocols: Behavior

A

affects the ease of administration and the choice of sedative. Aggressive or fearful animals may require different approaches

52
Q

needs to be accounted for when considering sedation and analgesia protocols: Procedures planned

A

The type and invasiveness of procedures dictate the level of sedation and analgesia needed. More invasive procedures may require deeper sedation

53
Q

needs to be accounted for when considering sedation and analgesia protocols: Degree of sedation from any PVPs already administered

A

Prior administration of pre-visit pharmaceuticals (PVPs) should be considered to avoid over-sedation or adverse interactions with subsequent sedatives

ANSC 321 Exam 3 (1 decks)

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