ANS Physiology Flashcards
What kind of receptors increase salivary and gland secretion?
M1 and M3
What kind of receptor promotes erection?
M3
What neurotransmitter is released by postganglionic nerves onto renal vascular smooth muscle?
Dopamine
What kind of receptor is on the eccrine sweat glands?
M3!!
**even though it’s sympathetic stimulation only!*
Parasympathetic activity on the iris circular muscle has what effect?
Circular muscle contracts, pupil constricts
M3 receptor
What effect will parasympathetic stimulation have on the penis?
Erection
M receptor
Parasympathetic activity on the ciliary muscle has what effect?
Ciliary muscle contracts, lens gets rounder to accommodate NEAR vision
(M3 receptor)
What kind of receptors are on bronchiole smooth muscle?
Sympathetic: B2
Parasympathetic: M3
How many nerves run from the spinal cord to the target skeletal muscle for somatic innervation?
One
What kind of receptor causes increased lacrimation?
M3
What kind of receptors respond to circulating epinephrine to relax bronchioles?
B2
What kind of receptor in the lung causes bronchoconstricitno?
M3
Not very much in normal people, but asthmatics are too sensitive to M3 agonists
What kind of receptor stimulates GI contraction and increases GI motility?
M3
Parasympathetic activity on the iris radial muscle has what effect?
No effect
What effect does parasympathetic innervation have on the blood vessels?
NONE, they only respond to sympathetic stim!!
What part of the heart receives parasympathetic innervation?
Atria ONLY
What is the only kind of innervation that blood vessels have?
Sympathetic
Which branch of the ANS causes an increase in Renin?
Sympathetic
Renin causes vasoconstriction
What enzyme breaks down ACh?
acetylcholinesterase
What is the only kind of innervation received by the liver?
Sympathetic (does glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis, etc)
What effect will sympathetic stimulation from drugs have on blood vessel endothelium?
Endothelium will release EDRF
(Endothelium derived relaxing factor)
M3, M5 receptors
What causes the release of ACh into the cleft?
Depolarization and calcium release
What kind of receptor constricts most blood vessels?
a1
Parasympathetic activity will have what effect on the contractility of the heart?
Decreases (atria)
M2 receptor
What kind of receptor is an ion channel?
Nicotinic receptors
What effect does sympathetic activity have on the pilomotor smooth muscle of the skin?
Contracts it
a receptor
What happens when ACh binds to a Nicotinic receptor?
Na+ goes in, K+ comes out and it gets a little depolarized
What kind of receptor increases renin secretion?
B1 *****
Which branch of the ANS dominates the tone of the GI system?
Parasympathetic
What effect does sympathetic stimulation have on the bladder wall?
Relaxes (no time to pee)
B3 receptor
What effect will sympathetic stimulation have on the penis?
Ejaculation
a receptor
How does choline enter the presynaptic terminal to be recycled?
Through HAChT
What effect does sympathetic stimulation have on the pregnant uterus?
Relaxes it (not having this baby now!)🚼
B2 receptor
What kind of receptors relax sphincters to allow for defecatin?
M3
What does reserpine do?
Depletes NE from the vesicle
What kind of GPCR are all B receptors ?
Ga-s
What kind of receptors are on the pregnant uterus?
B2
What neurotransmitter is secreted by ALL preganglionic fibers?
Acetylcholine
What effect does sympathetic activity have on gastric secretions?
None
What is the final product of the breakdown of Epi, NE, and dopamine?
Vanilla Mandelic acid (VMA)
Wwhat kind of receptors cause nasal vasoconstriction?
a1
Sympathetic activity will have what effect on the blood vessel to skeletal muscle?
Relaxes aka vasodilation
(B2 receptor)
(Apparently in HUGE amounts, it can actually vasoconstrict like it does everywhere else but I’m not sure if this is right)
What does metyrosine do?
Blocks tyrosine hydroxylase= no L-Dopa synthesis
Sympathetic activity will have what effect on bronchiole smooth muscle?
Relaxes (opens airway)
B2 receptor
What effect will parasympathetic stimulation have on the pregnant uterus?
No effect
Does the adrenal medulla have any parasympathetic innervation?
No
What effect will sympathetic activity have on K+ levels in the body?
Increases K+ uptake
Must watch K+ levels carefully in severely ill/stressed patient
What kind of receptor increases lipolysis?
B3
Is sympathetic activity necessary for life?
No, you could live without it
What kind of receptors are on the penis
Sympathetic: a
Parasympathetic: M
What neurotransmitter is secreted by post-ganglionic parasympathetic nerves?
Acetylcholine