ANS Pharm

Question 1

Agonists

Answer 1

Activate receptor signal as a result of binding to it; increase biologic functions of receptor

Question 2

Antagonists

Answer 2

Bind to receptors but do NOT activate signal; interfere with agonist ability to activate receptor or suppresses receptor signaling

Question 3

Cholinomimetic agents

Answer 3

Mimic ACh (ex: AChR agonists, AChesterase inhibitors)

Question 4

Cholinoceptor-blocking drugs

Answer 4

AChR antagonists

Question 5

Sympathomimetic agents

Answer 5

Mimic/enhance alpha/beta receptor stimulation

Question 6

Adrenoceptor-blocking drugs

Answer 6

Alpha and beta receptor antagonists

Question 7

List receptors for sympathetic and parasympathetic activity of the heart

Answer 7

Sympathetic: B1
Parasympathetic: M2

Question 8

List receptors for sympathetic and parasympathetic activity of the lung

Answer 8

Smooth muscle: B2 sympathetic; M2, M3 parasym

Bronchial glands: A1, B2 sympathetic; M3, M2 parasym

Question 9

List neurotransmitters and receptors involved in parasympathetic stimulation

Answer 9

Neurotransmitters: ACh (at ganglia, end organs)
Receptors: nAChR, mAChR

Question 10

List neurotransmitters and receptors involved in sympathetic stimulation

Answer 10

Neurotransmitters: NE>Epi; ACh (@ ganglia only)
Receptors: alpha, beta, (D), nAChR, mAChR

Question 11

Which receptor activates the adrenal medulla in sympathetic stimulation?

Answer 11

nAChR - activates adrenal medulla which can then release NE, Epi

Question 12

What neurotransmitter activates sweat glands?

Answer 12

ACh - in postganglionic sympathetic fibers

Question 13

ACh

Answer 13

Major neurotransmitter of PARASYMPATHETICS

All preganglionic ANS fibers, all PS postganglionic

Question 14

NE

Answer 14

Major neurotransmitter of SYMPATHETICS

Vast majority of postganglionic sympathetic fibers

Question 15

Epinephrine

Answer 15

Synthesized in adrenal medulla, brain stem

Question 16

Dopamine

Answer 16

NE, Epi precursor; acts on CNS, renal vascular smooth muscle

Question 17

M1, M3, M5 cholinergic receptors

Answer 17

Active in the CNS via Gq/11

Activate PLC, IP3, DAG cascade

Question 18

M2, M4 cholinergic receptors

Answer 18

Active in CNS, heart, nerves, smooth muscle via Gi/o

Inhibit AC, decrease in cAMP, activation of K+ channels

Question 19

Main difference between cholinergic and adrenergic neurotransmission?

Answer 19

ACh destroyed by AChesterase in cholinergic

Catecholamines recycled/reuptake in adrenergic

Question 20

Alpha1 adrenergic receptors

Answer 20

Agonists: Epi!, NE

Contracts vascular, GU smooth muscle, increases BP

Question 21

Beta1 adrenergic receptors

Answer 21

Agonists: Epi, NE

Increased sympathetic activity in the heart

Question 22

Beta2 adrenergic receptors

Answer 22

Agonists: Epi!, NE

Increased parasympathetic activity/relaxation of smooth muscle throughout the body

Question 23

Muscarinic receptors

Answer 23

Contract smooth muscle

Question 24

What triggers parasympathetic activity in blood vessels in the absence of parasympathetic innervation?

Answer 24

Endothelium surrounding vessels contains NO synthase that can be activated via M3 ACh receptors

Question 25

Reserpine

Answer 25

Adrenergic drug that blocks NE storage, depletion by MAO

Question 26

Botulinum Toxin

Answer 26

Anticholinergic drug - inhibits ACh release

Question 27

Atropine

Answer 27

Cholinomimetic, anticholinergic drug

Question 28

Alpha, beta blockers

Answer 28

Adrenomimetic, antiadrenergic drug

Question 29

Cocaine

Answer 29

Blocks NE transporter - NE accumulation

Question 30

AChE inhibitor

Answer 30

ACh accumulates at the synapse

Question 31

MAO inhibitor

Answer 31

Catecholamines accumulate in nerve terminal