ANS Neurotransmitters and Receptors

Question 1

Cholinergic neurons

Answer 1

release neurotransmitter acetylcholine(ACh)

1. include all sympathetic and parasympathetic preganglionic neurons.
2. sympathetic postganglionic neurons that innervate most sweat glands.
3. all parasympathetic postganglionic neurons.

Question 2

How is ACh stored and released?

Answer 2

stored in synaptic vesicles and released by exocytosis.

Question 3

cholinergic receptors

Answer 3

internal membrane proteins that bind with ACh across synaptic cleft.

Question 4

How many types of cholinergic receptors are there?

Answer 4

Two

• nicotinic
• muscarinic

Question 5

Nicotinic receptors

Answer 5

present in plasma membranes of chromaffin cells of the adrenal medullae and in the motor end plate at the neuromuscular junction.

Question 6

Muscarinic receptors

Answer 6

present in the plasma membranes of all effectors (smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands)

Question 7

Adrenergic neurons

Answer 7

release norepinephrine also known as noradrenalin. stored and released the same as ACh.

Question 8

Agonist

Answer 8

agon = contest
a substance that binds to and activates a receptor, in the process mimicking the effect of a natural neurotransmitter or hormone.

Question 9

Antagonist

Answer 9

anti = against
a substance that binds and blocks a receptor and preventing a natural neurotransmitter or hormone from exerting its effects.