ANS Drugs Flashcards
What are the Ca2+ channel blockers?
“pines”- these block L-type Ca2+ channels in smooth muscle only
What do Diltiazem and Verapamil do?
non-dihydropyridine ca2+ channel blockers that block L-type Ca2+ channels in CARDIAC and smooth muscle
Side effects of Ca2+ channel blockers?
-constipation-edema-bradycardia-headache-AV blockBEACH
What are some NO releasing drugs?
-Hydralazine-Nitroprusside
Side effects of Hydralazine?
-reversible lupus like syndrome-edema-arteriolar dilationREAD
What are some drugs that open K+ channels?
-Minoxidil-Diazoxide
What is an example of a D1 agonist? Mechanism?
Fenoldopam- vasodilates renal vessels and inhibits ACh release
What is a side effect of Diazoxide?
you also see inhibition of Ca2+ channels which can decrease insulin secretion and lead to hyperglycemia
How is angiotensinogen converted to angiotension I?
renin
What drug blocks renin? Side effect?
Alskiren; hyperkalemia
What converts angiotension I to angiotension II?
ACE
What else does ACE do?
converts bradykinin to inactive metabolites
So what is a side effect of ACE inhibitors?
drug, irritating cough
What are the effects of angiotensin II?
-vasoconstriction-aldosterone secretion
What drugs prevent angiotensin II action?
ARBs- angiotension receptor blockerscough is not a side effect
What are the ACEIs?
-end in ‘prils’
Side effects of ACEIs?
-cough-hyperkalemia-angioedema-renal damage CRAH
Are ACEIs safe in pregnancy?
No, teratogenic
What are the ARBs?
end in ‘sartan’
Side effects of ARBs?
-renal damage in preexisting disease-hyperkalemia
Are ARBs safe in pregnancy?
No
What are the recommended drugs for HTN in pregnancy?
a-methyldopaHydralazinecan use Nefidipine, Labetolol, Metoprolol
What drugs are contraindicated in pregnancy?
ACEIs, ARBs
What are the recommended drugs for HTN in diabetes?
ACEIs, ARBs
What drugs are contraindicated in HTN with diabetes?
BB (high dose)
What are the recommended drugs for HTN in HF?
ACEIs
What drugs are contraindicated in HF?
BB (high dose), verapamil, diltiazem
What are the recommended drugs for HTN in COPD/asthma?
CCBs
What drugs are contraindicated in COPD/asthma?
BBs (non selective high dose), ACEIs
What are the recommended drugs for HTN in CKD?
ACEIs, ARBs
What are the recommended drugs for HTN in BPH?
a-blockers
