ANS Drugs Flashcards
What are the Ca2+ channel blockers?
“pines”- these block L-type Ca2+ channels in smooth muscle only
What do Diltiazem and Verapamil do?
non-dihydropyridine ca2+ channel blockers that block L-type Ca2+ channels in CARDIAC and smooth muscle
Side effects of Ca2+ channel blockers?
-constipation-edema-bradycardia-headache-AV blockBEACH
What are some NO releasing drugs?
-Hydralazine-Nitroprusside
Side effects of Hydralazine?
-reversible lupus like syndrome-edema-arteriolar dilationREAD
What are some drugs that open K+ channels?
-Minoxidil-Diazoxide
What is an example of a D1 agonist? Mechanism?
Fenoldopam- vasodilates renal vessels and inhibits ACh release
What is a side effect of Diazoxide?
you also see inhibition of Ca2+ channels which can decrease insulin secretion and lead to hyperglycemia
How is angiotensinogen converted to angiotension I?
renin
What drug blocks renin? Side effect?
Alskiren; hyperkalemia
What converts angiotension I to angiotension II?
ACE
What else does ACE do?
converts bradykinin to inactive metabolites
So what is a side effect of ACE inhibitors?
drug, irritating cough
What are the effects of angiotensin II?
-vasoconstriction-aldosterone secretion
What drugs prevent angiotensin II action?
ARBs- angiotension receptor blockerscough is not a side effect
What are the ACEIs?
-end in ‘prils’
Side effects of ACEIs?
-cough-hyperkalemia-angioedema-renal damage CRAH
Are ACEIs safe in pregnancy?
No, teratogenic
What are the ARBs?
end in ‘sartan’
Side effects of ARBs?
-renal damage in preexisting disease-hyperkalemia
Are ARBs safe in pregnancy?
No
What are the recommended drugs for HTN in pregnancy?
a-methyldopaHydralazinecan use Nefidipine, Labetolol, Metoprolol
What drugs are contraindicated in pregnancy?
ACEIs, ARBs
What are the recommended drugs for HTN in diabetes?
ACEIs, ARBs
