ANS/CNS Flashcards
Prazosin (MOA, IND, S/E?)
Blocks a1, Lowers BP (d/t vasodilation).
Ind: HTN and BPH
S/E: Orthostasis
Labetelol (MOA, IND, S/E)
beta-adrenoceptor antagonist/non-selective, higher affinity for B>a1
MOA: Dec BP, some HR inc
IND: HTN
S/E: Less tachycardia
Organoesterases (Long-acting Cholinesterase Inhibitors) - Echothiopate (malathione - toxic)
An Indirect-Acting Choninomimetic.
Creates a very strong phosphorylated bond at active side. Toxic insecticides except for echothiopate. Amplifies action of Ach, increase PS activity and somatic NM transmission.
IND: Obsolete, was used in Glaucoma.
S/E: browache, uveitis, blurred vision
Albuterol (MOA, IND, S/E?)
Sympathomimetic B2 agonist
MOA: activates AC
IND: Bronchial smooth muscle dialation, asthma
S/E: Tremor, tachycardia
Oxybutynin (MOA, IND, S/E?)
Slightly M3-selective ANTICHOLINERGIC
IND: Urge incontinence, post op spasm
S/E: Tachycardia, constipation, inc IOP, Xerostomia; patch-pruritus
Why are first generation antihistamines sedative?
Because they are lipophillic and therefore can easily cross the BBB and act on the CNS
Inhibitory Neurotransmitters
GABA, glycine
Excitatory Neurotransmitters
Glutamate
What causes Parkinson’s Dz?
Decrease in DA (dopamine)
What causes MS?
destruction of the myelin sheath, causing a decrese in conduction of action potentials
What can cause Alzheimers?
decrease in cholinergic neurons
What do ligand-gated (ionotropic) receptors do?
When the right NT binds the receptor site, it opens into the cell. They are responsible for FAST synaptic transmission.
Where are voltage-gated receptors found and how do they work?
They are found on the initial segment of the axon. They respond to changes in membrane potential of the cell
What happens when an agonist binds an a1 adrenergic receptor?
Vasoconstriction of the vessel -> inc SV -> inc BP
