ANS

Question 1

SNS Heart

Answer 1

T1-T6

Question 2

SNS Lungs

Answer 2

T1-T7

Question 3

SNS Upper GI (including lower esophagus)

Answer 3

T5-T10

Question 4

SNS Small Intestine and Ascending Colon

Answer 4

T9-T11

Question 5

SNS Ascending Colon and Transverse Colon

Answer 5

T10-L2

Question 6

SNS Descending Colon, Sigmoid and Rectum

Answer 6

T12-L2

Question 7

SNS Adrenal

Answer 7

T5-T10

Question 8

SNS Genitourinary tract (including bladder)

Answer 8

T10-L2

Question 9

SNS Upper Ureter

Answer 9

T10-T11

Question 10

SNS Lower Ureter

Answer 10

T12-L2

Question 11

SNS UE

Answer 11

T2-T7

Question 12

SNS LE

Answer 12

T11-L2

Question 13

Vagus

Answer 13

PNS Heart, Lungs, esophagus, upper GI, small intestine, kidneys, ascending and transverse colon, upper ureter

Question 14

Pelvic Splanchnic

Answer 14

PNS Colon, rectum, reproductive organs, bladder, pelvis, lower ureter

Question 15

Two functions of the enteric nervous system

Answer 15

1) Sustaining local reflex activity independent of CNS

2) Complex interactions btwn ANS and CNS

Question 16

Autonomic distribution of the parasympathetic NS

Answer 16

No Extremities
No vasacular
Visceral is same is SNS - smooth muscle , cardiac muscle, Nodal and glandular tissue in thoracoabdominopelvic cavity

Question 17

Sensitization

Answer 17

A reflex modifier
Progressive amplification of a response following repeated stimulus, one stimulus is terminated the neurons return to baseline

Question 18

Habituation

Answer 18

A reflex modifier
Decrease in response to a stimulus after repeated exposure to the stimulus over time, allows is to “tune out”, once stimulus is terminated the neuron returns to baseline

Question 19

Fascilitation

Answer 19

Maintenance of a pool of neurons in a state of subthreshold excitation; less afferent stimulation is required to trigger the discharge of impulses

Question 20

Characteristics of viscerosomatic reflexes

Answer 20

Tend to exhibit non-neutral (Type II) SD

• Increased moisture and temperature
• Poorly defined endpoint (rubbery feel)
• Usually affect small rotators

Question 21

Sympathetic ANS treatment considerations

Answer 21

-Appropriate spinal levels
-Paraspinal muscle spasms
-Rib restrictions
-Distal ganglia; cervical, celiac & mesentary
(Chapman Reflexes)

Question 22

Parasympathetic ANS treatment considerations

Answer 22

Vagus: condylar compression, OA & AA SD
Sacrum: sacral somatic dysfunction
(Chapman Reflexes)