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Anatomy Exam 5 (Final) > ANS > Flashcards

ANS Flashcards

1
Q

When sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions are working together but serving opposite effects.

Serve same visceral organs, cause essentially opposite effects.

A

Dual Innervation

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2
Q

What ANS division is “resting and digesting”

A

Parasympathetic Division

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3
Q

In the parasympathetic division describe the length of the pre and post ganglionic fibers

A

Preganglionic- short fibers
Postganglionic - long fibers

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4
Q

Describe the origin of the pre and post ganglionic fibers for the parasympathetic division

A

preganglionic- craniosacral origin

post ganglionic - close to the spinal cord (called intramural ganglia)

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5
Q

what division is called “fight or flight”

A

Sympathetic division

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6
Q

Describe the lengths of the pre and post ganglionic fibers in the sympathetic division

A

preganglionic- shot

postganglionic - long

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7
Q

describe the origin of the pre and postganglionic fibers in the sympathetic nervous system

A

preganglionic- thoracolumbar origin

postganglionic - ganglia are close to the spinal cord

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8
Q

Which branch is voluntary of the efferent division?

sends signals from the CNS to skeletal muscles

A

Somatic Nervous System

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9
Q

What branch is involuntary in the efferent division?

Transmits signals from the CNS to skeletal muscle, smooth muscle, and glands

A

Autonomic Nervous System

(“Automatic”)

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10
Q

The function of the ANS is to maintain what?

A

Homeostasis

keeps conditions inside the body within optimal ranges

  • digestion of food and maintaining blood pressure
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11
Q

What neurotransmitter does the somatic nervous system (SNS) release

A

Acetylocholine (ACh) from the synaptic knob to excite muscle fiber

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12
Q

Is the somatic nervous system controlled consciously or unconsciously?

A

Consciously

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13
Q

What is the effector organ for the somatic nervous system?

A

skeletal muscle

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14
Q

what is the response (excitatory or inhibitory) for the somatic nervous system

A

Excitatory

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15
Q

How many neurons are present in the Somatic nervous system?

A

One

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16
Q

Is the autonomic nervous system controlled unconsciously or consciously?

A

unconsciously

17
Q

what is the effector organs for the autonomic nervous system

A

cardiac and smooth muscle as well as glands

18
Q

Is the autonomic nervous system excitable or inhibitory

A

Both

19
Q

What is the neurotransmitter released for the preganglionic cell in the autonomic nervous system

A

ACh

20
Q

What is the neurotransmitter released for the postganglionic cell in the autonomic nervous system

A

ACh or NE

21
Q

How many neurons are in the autonomic nervous system?

A

2

22
Q

what part of the brain:

Integration and command center for autonomic functions; involved in emotions (fight or flight)

A

Hypothalamus

23
Q

What part of the brain:

Contains major ANS reflex centers

A

Brainstem

24
Q

what part of the brain:

Contains ANS reflex centers for deification and urination

A

Spinal cord

25
Q

Is the ANS preganglionic cell myelinated or unmyelinated?

A

thin and unmyelinated

25
Q

Does the somatic nervous system have a myelinated or unmyelinated axon?

A

Myelinated (Fast propagation)

26
Q

Is the ANS postganglionic cell myelinated or unmyelinated?

A

very thin and unmyelinated

much slower in comparsion to SNS

27
Q

What is the term when you have multiple preganglionic neurons and they synapse on one post ganglionic neuron?

lots of control, one target response

A

Convergence

28
Q

what is the term when you have branches of axons from one preganglionic neuron that synapses w numerous post ganglionic neurons

increases the effect by targeting many areas

A

Divergence

29
Q

what type of fiber is it when sympathetic postganglionic axons release
norepinephrine (NE

A

Adrenergic fibers

30
Q

what type of fiber is it when parasympathetic system postganglionic axons
release Ach

A

cholinergic fibers

31
Q

effector cells of postganglionic parasympathetic
fibers
* Different types: M1, M2…
* Activated by muscarine
* Atropine is antagonist

A

muscarinic receptors

32
Q

all postganlionic neuron receptive regions; hormone
producing cells of adrenal medulla
* Activated by nicotine

A

Nicotinic receptors

33
Q

type of receptor:

bind NE; found in effector cells of
postganglionic sympathetic fibers
– All G-protein mediated

A

adrenergic receptors

Anatomy Exam 5 (Final) (5 decks)

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