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Pharmacology drug cards > ANS > Flashcards

ANS Flashcards

1
Q

Direct Parasympathomimetic (Receptor binding)

A

Pilocarpine

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2
Q

Indirect Parasympathomimetic (Reversible ACh esterase inhibitors)

A

Neostigmine
Pyridostigmine
Physostigmine
Edrophonium

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3
Q

Indirect Parasympathomimetic (Irreversible ACh esterase inhibitors)

A

Organophosphates
Parathion
Malathion
Soman, Sarin

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4
Q

Toxic Parasympathomimetic

A

Organophosphates
Parathion
Malathion

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5
Q

Cholinergic Toxidrome (8)

A

Sweating, Vomiting
Crying, diarrhea
Runny nose, urination
Frothing at mouth, bradycardia

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6
Q

Antidote for Cholinergic Toxidrome

A

Atropine

Pralidoxime

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7
Q

Adverse effects of Cholinergic agonists

A 
Salivation
Diaphoresis (Sweating)
Nausea
Miosis
Urinary urgency
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8
Q

Pilocarpine Indication and route administration

A

Glaucoma

Topical administration

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9
Q 
Neostigmine
MOA:
Indication:
S/E:
Administration:
A

MOA: Reversible ACh-esterase inhibitor
Indications: Myasthenia gravis mx, Reverse NMS blockers
S/E: Diarrhea, salivation+sweating, bradycardia, bronchospasm
Administration: IM, SC, IV, DoA 2-4hrs

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10
Q 
Pyridostigmine
MOA
Indications
S/E
Administration
A

MOA: Reversible ACh-esterase inhibitor
Indications: Chronic myasthenia gravis
S/E: Diarrhea, salivation+sweating, bradycardia, bronchospasm
Administration: Oral, DoA 3-6hrs

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11
Q 
Edrophonium
MOA:
Indications:
S/E:
Administration:
A

MOA: Short acting reversible ACh-esterase inhibitor
Indications: Myasthenia gravis diagnosis
S/E: Diarrhea, sweating+salivation
Administration: Injection

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12
Q

Tacrine, Donepezil, Rivastigmine, Galantamine
MOA:
Indications:
S/E:

A

MOA: Reversible ACh-esterase inhibitor
Indications: Alzheimer’s disease
S/E: hepatotoxicity, GI distress

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13
Q

It is safe to use Neostigmine and Pyridostigmine with intestinal or urinary obstruction.

A

NO, is contraindicated in urinary and intestinal obstruction.

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14
Q

Activating Muscarinic receptors results in?

A 
Miosis (pupil constriction)
Decreased heart rate
Bronchial constriction
GI motility
Relaxation of sphincters
Increased secretions
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15
Q

Tensilon test is used for?

A

Diagnosis of Myasthenia gravis

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16
Q

Parasympatholytic drugs (Anticholinergics)

A

Atropine
Ipratropium
Scopolamine
Cyclopentolate

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17
Q

Antimuscarinics effects

A 
Mydriasis (dilation of pupils)
Reduced sweating
Reduced GI motility and secretions
Increased heart rate
Bronchodilation
Urinary retention
Drowsiness
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18
Q

Indications for antimuscarinics

A 
Parkinsons
Motion sickness
COPD
Urinary disorder
Cholinergic disorders
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19
Q 
Atropine
MOA:
Indications:
S/E:
Administration:
A

MOA:
Indications: Refractive errors in eyes, Antispasmodic in GI, Anti secretory, bradycardia, Antidote for organophosphate poisoning
S/E: Dry mouth, blurred vision, tachycardia, constipation, urinary retention
Administration: Oral DoA 4hrs

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20
Q

Adverse effects of antimuscarinics

A

Blurry vison, urinary retention, constipation, tachycardia, drowsiness

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21
Q

Scopolamine
S/E:
Indications:
Administration:

A

Indications: Motion sickness prevention, post op vomiting and nausea
Administration: Motion sickness - patch, Post op - IM
S/E: Sedation, delirium

22
Q

GIT - Hyoscine/butylbromide
Indications
S/E
Administration

A

Indications: IBS, antispasmodic
S/E: Tachycardia, confusion, urinary retention
Administration: oral, IV, IM, SC

23
Q

Secretory - Glycopyrrolate
Indications
Administration

A

Indications: Drooling, Pre-op - decrease secretions
Administration: IV, Inhaler

24
Q

Respiratory - Ipratropium bromide, Tiotropium, Glycopyrrolate
Indications
S/E
Administration

A

Indications: Asthma, COPD
S/E: Cough
Administration: inhaler

25
Q

Ophthalmology - Atropine (see notes), Tropicamide, Cyclopentolate
Indications
S/E
Administration

A

Indications: Retinal exam, Produce pupil dilation
S/E: Increased intraocular pressure
Administration: Eye drops

26
Q

Trihexyphenidyl biperiden
Indications
S/E
Administration

A

Indications: Parkinsons
Administration: Oral, IV, IM

27
Q

Urinary incontinence - Oxybutinin, Darifenacin
Indications
S/E
Administration

A

Indications: Enuresis
S/E: dry mouth, palpitations, constipation, confusion
Administration: Oral

28
Q

Adrenergic receptor types (Norepinephrine)

A

a1 b1
a2 b2
a3 b3

29
Q

Sweat glands are stimulated by NE

A

False, sweat glands are innervated in the SNS by ACh

30
Q

Catechol-o-methyl transferase (COMT) and monoamine oxidase (MOA) metabolizes which neurotransmitters?

A

Norepinephrine and Epinephrine

31
Q

Indirect acting adrenergic agonists directly bind to the receptors (True or false)

A

False direct acting adrenergic agonists bind directly receptors and indirect acting adrenergic agonists inhibits enzymes or inhibits uptake or causes release of neurotransmitters.

32
Q

a1 receptors are located in cardiac tissue

A

False, a1 receptors are found in vascular smooth muscle and the eye. B1 receptors can be found in cardiac tissue.

33
Q

a2 receptors when binding to a agonist causes NE release

A

False, inhibits NE release

34
Q

B2 have a increased affinity for Epinephrine compared to NE

A

True

35
Q

B2 receptors are located in the….

A

Respiratory tract
Uterus
Vsm
Liver

36
Q

Function of … when agonist binds
a1
b1
b2

A

a1 - agonist causes smooth muscle contraction
b2 - agonist binding increases heart rate
b2 - agonists bind to receptor in respiratory and uterine smooth muscle causing relaxation. Also causes vasodilation.

37
Q

Location of a1 receptors

A

Vascular smooth muscle
Pupillary dilation muscles
Prostate
Heart

38
Q

Location of a2 receptors

A

Post synaptic CNS receptors
Some vascular smooth muscle
Fat cells

39
Q

Location of B1 receptors

A

Heart

Juxtaglomerular

40
Q

Location of B2 receptors

A

Respiratory tract
Uterine wall
vascular smooth muscle

41
Q

Location of B3 receptors

A

Fat cells

42
Q 
Epinephrine:
Target receptors and affinity
Indications
Contraindications
Administration
A/E
A

Target receptors and affinity: a + B
Indications: Anaphylaxis, cardiac arrest
Contraindications: Tachyarrhythmias, Pheochromocytoma
Administration: IM, IV, SC
A/E: Angina, hypertension, ventricular arrythmias, peripheral vasoconstriction

43
Q 
Phenylephrine
Target receptors and affinity
Indications
Contraindications
Administration
A/E
A

Target receptors and affinity: a1 (increases BP + vasoconstriction)
Indications: Nasal decongestant, Hypotension, Mydriatic eye exams
Contraindications:
Administration: IV, Oral, Topical

44
Q 
Oxymetazoline, Xylometazoline
Target receptors and affinity
Indications
Contraindications
Administration
A/E
A 
Target receptors and affinity: a1
Indications: Nasal decongestant
Contraindications:
Administration: Topical
A/E: Hypertension
45
Q

Clonidine
Target receptor
Indications

A

Target receptors: a2

Indications: Migraine prophylaxis

46
Q

a-methyldopa
Target receptor
Indications

A

Target receptor: a2

Indications: Hypertension in pregnancy

47
Q

Dopamine
MOA
Indications

A

MOA: Dose dependent, High dose - B1, Large dose - a1
Indications: Cardiogenic or septic shock, acute hypotension, heart failure

48
Q

Dobutamine
Target receptor
Indications

A

Target receptors: B1

Indications: Acute myocardial infarct

49
Q

Direct B2 agonists (7)

A 
Salbutamol (S)
Fenoterol (S)
Terbutaline (S) 
Salmetarol (L)
Formoterol (L)
Indicatarole (UL)
Vilanterol (UL)
50
Q

Direct B2 agonists
MOA
Indications
Administration

A

MOA: B2 receptor agonist
Indications: Asthma, COPD
Administration: Inhaler

Pharmacology drug cards (1 decks)

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