ANP 1111 course 1 Flashcards
What is Superior
anything above the head
what is inferior
the lower part of the body compared to something
what is anterior
where the front of something is
What is Posterior
where the back of something is
what is medial
towards the middle of something (the heart)
what is lateral
away from the midline
What is intermediate
Between the medial
What is proximal
Closer to the body part that is attached to it
What is distal
Farther from the body part that is attached to
What is deep
away from the body surface
what is an axial part
head,neck and trunk
what is the appendicular part
appendages or limbs
what is a sagittal plane
divided from left and right
what is a frontal plane
divided from anterior and posterior
what is the transverse plane
divided from superior and inferior
Name three essential characteristics of homeostasis
Receptor, Control Centre and effector
What is homeostasis
Dynamic state of equilibrium
What is the role of the receptor
Sense change by stimulus and sends the info to the control center
What is the role of the control center
analyzes info and determines correct response
What is the role of the effector
Provides feedback positive or negative and responds
Name the 6 function of epithelia
protection,absorption,filtration,excretion,secretion and sensory reception.
When talking about tight junctions:
To prevent fluid from trickiling down
When talking about hemidesmosome is to
prevent plasma cells
the function of simple squamous epithelium
it’s thin and permeable and used for filtration and diffusion
the function of simple cuboidal epithelium
to secrete and absorb and can be found in the kidney
The function of simple columnar epithelium
secretion and absorption found in GI tract
the function of pseudostratified
a respiratory tract where cilia and mucus are secreted
Function of squamous epithelium
basal cell cuboidal that can go under mitosis
Function of transitional epithelium
Found in the bladder, to fill the cuboidal for them to become flatten and squamous.
Describe endocrine glands
They are ductless and produce hormones
describe exocrine glands
home to mucous,sweat,oil ,liver ect
describe unicellular exocrine glands
no ducts, contains mucus cells and goblet cells
Describe multicellular exocrine glands
epithelium derived duct and secretory cells and supported by connective tissue to bring blood vessels and nerves
Name the three secretory methods
Merocrine,holocrine and apocrine
What is merocrine
its an exocytosis found in pancreas,salivary and sweat glands
what is holocrine
when the cell ruptures found in oil-producing sebaceous glands
what is aporine
cell apex that goes with secretory products and repairs itself
Name 5 types of connective tissue
Mesenchyme,CT proper,cartilage,bones and blood
name 5 function of CT
Binding,supporting,protecting,insulating,transporting
what is ground substance ( matrix)
interstitial fluid, cell adhesion and proteoglycans that act like a molecular sieve
Name 3 fibers
Collagen fibers,elastic fibers,reticular fibers
Function of collagen fibers
tensile strenght
function of elastic fibers
allow to stretch and recoil
function fibers
thin collagen protein to support blood vessels and soft tissue
What does blast mean
actively dividing and synthesizing during growth and repair
what do cytes
mature cells provide maintenance
Describe mesenchyme CT
forms the mesoderm, mesenchymal cells , fluid groud substance and fine fibrils.
Describe loose CT
areolar,adipose and reticular
describe dense CT
dense regular,irregular and elastic
Describe areolar CT
loose fibers , reservoir for water and salts, found in all the body, cushions the organs immunity and inflammatory.
Describe adipose tissue
stores nutrient in adipocytes, not reproduces and found under the skin,kidney ,eyeball,bones and abdomen and breasts
Describe reticular CT
Only reticular fibers, found in lymphoid organs,forms soft internal skeletion that supports blood cells.
describe dense REGULAR CT
collagen fibers parallel to direction of pull, found in tendons,ligaments, aponeuroses. Related to strength
describe dense IRREGULARCT
collagen is thicker and found in dermis, withstand tension in any direction
describe elastic CT
like regular CT but high in elastic fibers
