Anorexia - Social learning Flashcards

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1
Q

Bandura

A

People learn by observing the behaviours of others + their outcomes ; children in particular observe attitudes and behaviour of role models and if likely to receive positive outcome will imitate them

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2
Q

Modelling

A

Someone first must carry out/model a particular attitude of behaviour ; may be parents, peers or symbolic models
These are the people that provide attitudes to food or dieting behaviour that can be observed then imitated

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3
Q

Reinforcement

A

If the response is positive e.g praising for losing weight this is positive reinforcement as it makes the individual feel better about themselves

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4
Q

Maternal role models

A

Research suggested problematic eating behaviour is common in families with those that have an eating disorder- this research has focused on the mother- daughter relationship which suggests that mothers ‘model’ weight concerns for their daughter

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5
Q

Hill et al

A

Found similarities between mothers and daughters restraint and dieting behaviours among children as young as 10 years old

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6
Q

Peer influences

A

Adolescents may be particularly susceptible to peer influence on patterns of disordered eating - a US study found dieting among friends was related to unhealthy weight control behaviours such as using diet pills or purging (Elsenberg et al)

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7
Q

Jones + Crawford

A

A specific mechanism of peer influence Is teasing - a study found overweight girls and underweight boys were most likely to be teased by peers suggesting through teasing peers serve to enforce gender based ideals

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8
Q

Media influences

A

The media are a major source of influence on body image attitudes held by western adolescents e.g portrayal of thin models on TV and magazines is a large factor that contributes to body image concerns and the drive for thinness

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9
Q

Self esteem (Jones + Buckingham)

A

The media does not influence everyone in the same way as those with low self esteem are more likely to compare themselves to idealised images in the media which plays a part in the development of eating disorders through being exposed to abnormally thin women

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10
Q

British medical association

A

In a report expressed concerns about the use of thin models to advertise products and model clothes for the fashion industry; found that images of models in the media were in contrast to body size and shape of most children ,concluded this degree of thinness is unachievable and biologically inappropriate

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11
Q

*Evaluation

Maternal influence

A

Results have not been consistent in the role of mothers towards eating disorders
Ogden+Steward found although mothers and daughters were similar in weight and BMI there was no association for restrained eating therefore do not support the hypothesis ; instead suggest the degree of enmeshment plays a role

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12
Q

Peer influence support

A

Costa-Font + Jofre-Bonet investigated the effect of peer weight and found those with peers who had a larger BMI were less likely to develop an eating disorder ; this associated was even present in younger women suggesting peers with a average /larger BMI protects against eating disorders whereas a lower BMI does the opposite

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13
Q

Forms of media

A

Not all forms of media have the same impact
Harrison and Cantor found no association between TV exposure and eating disorders yet found a significant association between reading fitness magazines and attitudes to food and dieting ; consistent results with social learning theory due to influence of different exposure

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