Anorectal Disease Flashcards
What is first-line treatment of external hemorrhoids or grade I-II internal hemorrhoids?
Conservative management (high fiber diet, stool softener, increased fluid intake)
First-line therapy for grade III internal hemorrhoids:
Injection sclerotherapy
This treatment are indicated for grade I and grade II internal hemorrhoids once conservative treatment has failed
Rubber band ligation or Injection sclerotherapy
First-line treatment for grade IV internal hemorrhoids and patients with acutely thrombosed external hemorrhoids who present within 72 hours of symptom onset.
Hemorrhoidectomy
What is the surgical management for anal SCC? r
Chemoradiation protocol and excision of residual tumor
What is the treatment for perianal or ischiorectal (perirectal) abscess?
Incision & drainage ± systemic antibiotics
What is the likely diagnosis in a male patient with HIV that presents with a 3-cm anal ulcer and firm, non-tender inguinal lymphadenopathy?
Anal cancer
Which demographics are more commonly affected by squamous cell carcinoma of the anus?
HIV positive individuals and men who have sex with men
What is the recommended management for full-thickness rectal prolapse?
Surgical repair with rectopexy
What is the surgical treatment of anal fissures once conservative treatment fails?
Lateral internal sphincterotomy
What is the initial medical treatment for most anal fissures? Conservative approach
(e.g. topical anesthetics & vasodilators)
What treatment is curative for ulcerative colitis?
Proctocolectomy
What is the next step in the evaluation of internal hemorrhoids with bright red bleeding in high risk individuals?
Colonoscopy
What is the treatment of a pilonidal cyst?
Drainage followed by resection
What disease often manifests in young males as a painful, fluctuant mass above the anus in the intergluteal region with associated mucoid / bloody discharge?
Pilonidal disease
What is the likely cause of a solitary liver lesion in a patient with iron deficiency anemia and positive fecal occult blood screen?
Liver metastasis (from CRC)
The primary tumors for liver metastases can be ranked in the following order
(patients with liver mets Can’t Get Pints): Colon»_space; Gastric > Pancreas
Colorectal cancer most commonly metastasizes to:
The liver
