ankle foot and knee pathologies and evaluation Flashcards
what bones makes up the knee joint
femur and tibia
fibula and the knee cap
patella
what connects the knee bones to the leg muscles that move the knee joint
tendons
what joints the knee bone and provide stability to the knee
function of the acl,pcl, mcl and lcl
ACL…. prevents the femur from sliding backwards on the tibia
PCL….. prevents the femur from sliding foward on the tibia
MCL AND PCL.. prevents the femur from sliding side to side
What acts as a shock absorber and what makes the knee to move smoothly respectively
medial and lateral menisci
filled up sacs or numerous bursae
what is caused as a result of aging and wear and tear of cartilage
knee osteoarthritis
symptoms of osteoarthritis
pain, stiffness and swelling
what is effusion
fluid build up inside the knee usually form inflammation
what is responsible for a large part of the knees stability and often leads to the knee giving out and may also require surgical repair
ACL
What causes pain swelling and knee instability and teh best treatement is usually physiotherapy rather suregery
PCL STRAIIN OR TEAR
FUNCTION OF THE MCL
prevents valgus stress by stabilizing the knee
prevents over separation of the medial femoral condyle from the medial tibial platue
functions of the knee bursae
facilitate movement and reduce friction where tendons or muscles pass over bony prominences
a common knee injuries usually post direct trauma to the patella or sudden forceful
contraction of the quadriceps muscles in the context of a sports injury.is what
patellar fracture
whats a bakers cyst
collection of fluid in the back of the knee
occurs from repeated injuries
the protruision on the low end of the fibula felt on the outside of the ankle is
lateral mallelous
: Damage to one of the
ligaments in the ankle, usually from an
accidental twist or turn of the foot. is
sprained ankle
types of ankle according to salter harris classification
separated above below through erasure
A form of arthritis in which crystals periodically deposit in joints, causing severe pain and swelling is
gout
the feet are divided into
forefoot. ..contains the phalanges andd the metatarsals
midfoot. ….they form the arch of the foot which are cuniform,cuboid,navicular
hindfoot. ..forms the heel and the ankle
what is bunios or hallux valgus
A bony prominence next to the base of the big toe that may cause the big toe to turn
inward.
: An abnormal growth of bone in the heel, which may cause severe pain during walking or standing is what
heel spurs
what bones are the most frequently broken bones in the feet
metatarsals
