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Loire Valley > Anjou-Saumur > Flashcards

Anjou-Saumur Flashcards

1
Q

What region of Loire Valley is the largest, most diverse, and most dynamic region?
Locations of appellations within region?

A

Anjou:

  • -Coteaux de l’Aubance- northern Anjou (357ha)
  • -Anjou-Villages Brissac AOP same area as above.
  • -Savennières NW corner of Anjou, north of the Loire River (right bank).
  • -Coulee de Serrant (north) and Roche aux Moines (south) within Savennières.
  • -Coteaux du Layon- Southern Anjou (1,772ha)
  • -Quarts de Chaume- Western corner of Anjou (within Coteaux du Layon)
  • -Bonnezeaux- SE corner of Anjou (within Coteaux du Layon)
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2
Q

What two regions border Anjou-Saumur?

A

Pay Nantais and Touraine

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3
Q

Where is Saumur and what are they known for?

A

Saumur is an eastern sub-region of Anjou, adjacent to Chinon in Touraine.
—Known for Sparkling wine.
*Together with Anjou, they deliver every style Loire has to offer.

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4
Q

What is Chenin Blanc known as in Anjou?

A

Pineau de la Loire.

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5
Q

What kinda of skin does Chenin have?
How does it ripen?
Why does it tend to be astringent?

A

—Thin skinned
—Early budding (perfect for the early Springs off Anjou, Slow to ripen (hence high acidity in cool climates)
—Astringency from high levels of extract is common.

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6
Q

What style in Anjou receives the highest praise?

What is 45% of Anjou’s total production devoted to?

A

—Sweet and dry white wines based on Chenin Blanc.

—Rose dominated by Grolleau grapes

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7
Q

How much Cabernet Franc makes up Anjou’s plantings?

A

Nearly 1/3 of Anjou’s plantings.

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8
Q

What is the umbrella appellation for Anjou/Saumur

Styles and
Encépagement?

A

Anjou AOP
—Blanc: Chenin plus max 20% Chard and SB (assemblage min 70% Chenin)
—Rouge-Cab Fran and Cab Sauv; plus max 30% combined Pineau d’Aunis and Grolleau (max. 10% Grolleau)
—Rouge Primeur/Noveau
—Anjou Gamay: 100% Gamay (grape may not be blended in standard Anjou rouge bottlings)
—Anjou Gamay Primeur/Noveau
—Vin Mousseux Blanc Min 70% Chenin Blanc; plus etc…
—Vin Mousseux Rosé: Cabs, Cot, Gamay, etc…

*interesting no still rosé

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9
Q

Where is Sauvennieres located?

A

In Anjou south of the town of Angers, but on the north bank of the Loire River.

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10
Q

What is the soil of Sauvennieres?

A

blue schist mixed with volcanic debris.

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11
Q

What are the two grand crus of Savennières and when were they established as AOPs?
Size of each?

A

Roche aux Moines (19ha) and Coulee de Serrant (6ha; monopole of biodynamic Nicolas Joly) both in 2011.

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12
Q

What are the three distinct sections of Savennières Coulée de Serrant AOP?

A

Grand Clos de la Coulée
Clos du Château
Les Plantes

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13
Q

Name the two overarching regions in Anjou for late harvest sweet wines made from Chenin Blanc.

Where are they located?
Minimum RS?

A
  • Coteaux de l’Aubance “deh la-BONCE”
  • Coteaux de Layon

—South of Angers
—Min RS 34 grams per liter. Does not command the richness and unctuousness of Sauternes, but versatile at the table.

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14
Q

Name the two noteworthy sweet wine appellations that lie within Coteaux du Layon?
What river lies between the two appellations?

A

—Quarts de Chaume in Rochefort-sur-Loire (45 hectares)
—Bonnezeaux in Thourarce (2.5 times the vineyard area of QdC.)
—Layon River
*both enjoy south-facing aspects and often deliver botrytis-affected fruit.

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15
Q

Quarts de Chaume AOP
Size of appellation?
Soils?
Notable producers?

A

—45 hectares (total production is under 10,000 cases of wine a year.)

—Small band of sandstone and schist hillsides on the bank of the Layon River. (Morning mists from the Layon=good incubator for botrytis)
—Domaine des Baumard and Château Pierre-Bise (both highly regarded producers of Savennières.)

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16
Q

Bonnezeaux AOP

Notable producer?

A

Château des Fesles

—a larger appellation that is often actually harder to find in the marketplace.

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17
Q

What are the seven villages entitled to add their named to the Coteaux du Layon AOP?

A

Bo Jackson of Layon and Rocky Balboa of Loire and Faye Dunaway of Anjou, Adam Lambert of Lattay, drink st aubin while Bo rambles he’s the champion.

Beaulieu-sur-Layon
Rochefort-sur-Loire
Faye d’Anjou
St-Lambert du Lattay
St-Aubin de Luigné
Rablay-sur-Layon
Chaume ("Premier Cru") min 80 grams RS

Wines labeled by village must reach higher minimum must weights and are harvested at lower max yields.

18
Q

What grape in Anjou AOP is the only red grape that may be bottled varietally, BUT not blended in standard Anjou rouge bottlings?

A

Gamay

19
Q

What style of wine does Anjou-Villages AOP cover?

A

Red wine only appellation based on Cabernet Franc w/ a proportion of Cabernet Sauvignon, some of the regions finest. Along with Anjou-Village Brissac

**“In the best vintages they can provide the subtle thrill of a great Touraine red at a franction of the price.”

20
Q

What does Anjou-Village Brissac AOP cover?

Soils?
Communes?

A 
Red wine (Cab Franc and Sauv) appellation that covers the same 10 communes authorized for Coteaux de l'Aubance
—”Anjou Noir": dark schist; "Anjou Blanc": limestone
Brissac-Quincé
Denée
Juigné-sur-Loire 
Mozé-sur-Louet
Mûrs-Erigné 
Saint-Jean-des-Mauvrets
Saint-Melaine-sur-Aubance
Saint-Saturnin-sur-Loire
Soulaines-sur-Aubance
Vauchrétien
**also unlike Anjou-Village AOC, this appellation has an elevage (different sources: not released until July 15 or Sept 1 of the year following the harvest.)
21
Q

What styles and grapes are covered by Saumur AOP?

A
  • Blanc: 100% Chenin Blanc
  • Rouge: Cabernet Franc, plus a max. 30% combined Cabernet Sauvignon and Pineau d’Aunis
  • Saumur “Puy Notre-Dame”: Cabernet Franc and a max. 15% Cabernet Sauvignon
  • Vin Mousseux and Mousseux Rose: Chenin Blanc, Sauvignon Blanc, Chardonnay, Cab. Franc, Cab. Sauvignon, Gamay, Pinot Noir, Pineau d’Aunis, Grolleau, Grolleau Gris
  • Still rose is not authorized
  • Saumur Blanc wines may include a max. 20% combined Chardonnay and Sauvignon Blanc until the 2016 harvest.
22
Q

How much of Saumur’s grapes are destined for Saumur AOP sparkling wines or Crémant de Loire AOP?

Crémant de Loire AOP
Styles and Encépagement?
Assemblage?
Elevage?

Where may they blend their grapes from?

A

Over 50%
—Mousseux Blanc and Mousseux Rosé
—Encépagement: Chenin Blanc, Chardonnay, Orbois, Cabernet Franc, Grolleau, Grolleau Gris, Pinot Noir, Cabernet Sauvignon, Pineau d’Aunis
—Assemblage: Max. 30% combined Cabernet Sauvignon and Pineau d’Aunis
—min. 9 months on the lees prior to dégorgement, not to be released for a min. 12 months after the date of tirage
***allowing blending across Touraine and Anjou-Saumur while permitting fewer restrictions on grape usage

23
Q

What are the soils of Saumur?

How does the soils change near the commune of Champigny, “field of fire”?

A

—Soft tuffeau limestone, resembling those of Touraine.

—Limestone becomes harder, iron-rich, and inflected with shale; chalky, fine-grained micaneous limestone

24
Q

What styles are covered under Saumur-Champgny AOC?

A

Cabernet Franc, plus a max 15% combined Cabernet Sauvignon and Pineaus d’Aunis. Red wines-only based on light, bright, and elegantly floral expressions of Cab Franc.

**small enclave on the left bank (south) of the Loire River

25
Q

What are the eight villages that may produced Saumur-Champigny?

A 
Chacé
Montsoreau
Parnay
Saint-Cyr-en-Bourg (important wine centre; reliable co-op)
Saumur
Souzay-Champigny
Turquant
Varrain
26
Q

Where is Haut-Poitou?
Styles and Encépagement?
Assemblage?

A

50 miles south of Chinon and the eastern edge of Saumur. Making all three styles.

Styles and Encépagement:

  • -Blanc: Min. 60% Sauvignon Blanc, plus Sauvignon Gris
  • -Rouge: Min. 60% Cabernet Franc, plus Gamay, Gamay de Bouze, Gamay de Chaudenay, Merlot, Pinot Noir
  • -Min. 40% Cabernet Franc through the 2021 harvest for both encépagement and assemblage
  • -Rosé: Min. 40% Cabernet Franc, plus a min. 20% Pinot Noir and a min. 20% Gamay

Assemblage:
Rouge: Wines may be produced solely from Cabernet Franc. For blends, Cabernet Franc must account for at least 60%, and Gamay must not exceed 10%.
Rosé: per encépagement

27
Q

Coteaux de l’aubance AOP

Min Potential Alcohol?
Minimum Must Weight?
Minimum RS?

A

Minimum Potential Alcohol: 14% (11% acquired, or 10% acquired if potential alcohol is at least 18%)

Minimum Must Weight:
Blanc: 238 g/l
SGN: 323 g/l

Minimum Residual Sugar: 34 g/l

28
Q

Coteaux du Layon AOP

Min Potential Alcohol?
Minimum Must Weight?
Minimum RS?
Notable producer?

A

Minimum Potential Alcohol:
Coteaux du Layon: 14% (11% acquired, or 10% acquired if potential alcohol is 18% or higher)
Coteaux du Layon SGN (with or without village designation): 19%
Coteaux du Layon Chaume Premier Cru: 16.5% (11% acquired)
Coteaux du Layon (with other village designation): 15% (12% acquired, or 11% if potential alcohol is 19% or higher)

Minimum Must Weight:
Coteaux du Layon: 221 g/l
Coteaux du Layon SGN (with or without village designation): 323 g/l
Coteaux du Layon Chaume Premier Cru: 272 g/l
Coteaux du Layon (with other village designation): 238 g/l
All grapes, affected either by passerillage or botrytis, are harvested in successive tries

Minimum Residual Sugar:
Coteaux du Layon: 34 g/l
Coteaux du Layon Chaume Premier Cru: 80 g/l (68 g/l prior to 2011)

**Moulin-Touchais estate

29
Q

Name two producers for Quarts du Chaume.

A

Domaine des Baumard and Château Pierre-Bise

30
Q

Who is the most respected estate in Bonnezeaux?

A

Château des Fesles

31
Q

What is cryoextraction and what appellation is it allowed in?

A

freeze concentration, the controversial winemaking practice of artificially replicating the natural conditions necessary to produce sweet white ice wine. Freshly picked grapes are held overnight in a special cold room at sub-zero temperatures, −5 or −6 °C (21 °F) for example, and then pressed immediately. The freezing point of grape must depends on its concentration of sugars, so only the less ripe grapes freeze.

It is currently prohibited in Quarts du Chaume, but a transitional agreement allows the practice through 2019.

32
Q

Is Chaptalization legal in Quarts du Chaume? Bonnezeaux?

A

It is not legal in Quarts du Chaume (Cryoextraction is currently prohibited by law, but a transitional agreement allows the practice through 2019.)

Chaptalization is legal for Bonnezeaux AOC

33
Q

What is vignes larges? “veen lar-shja”

A

—”Wide vines” The use of high training wires (over 2 meters) in order to maintain a large surface area of foliage. These are vines that are trained much higher and larger than traditional sized French vines. Naturally the density is much lower - generally 3500 vines per hectare or less. Usually they are banned in French appellations, although it is quite usual for vignes larges that are already planted to be permitted to be used for AC wines.

Although the yields from individual vignes larges will tend to be higher than the smaller traditional vines found in France the overall yield need not be higher. The new Quarts de Chaume regulations stipulate a yield of 1.7 kilos per vine for the traditional sized and spaced vines and 2.5 kilos for the vignes larges. From having seen the vines of Domaine des Baumard in 2010, 2011 and 2012 it is clear that the crop is generous here.”

34
Q

Cabernet de Saumur AOP

Style?

A

As Saumur AOP only covers red, dry white, sparkling white and rose wines, this is essentially Saumur’s still rose only appellation based on Cabernet Franc and Cabernet Sauvignon.

35
Q

What are the two rose only wine appellations in Anjou?

A

Rose d’Anjou AOP (“sickly, being overtaken” by below)

Cabernet d’Anjou AOP (“delcately scented, off-dry”)

36
Q

What river lies north of and parallel with the Layon River?

A

River Aubance

37
Q

What is Saumur “Puy Notre-Dame”?

A

A relatively new sub-appellation of Saumur, for fragrant, mainly Cab Franc reds made around the village of that name.

38
Q

What grape is allowed in rosé, but not red wines in Anjou, Saumur, and Touraine?

A

Grolleau
—produces extremely high yields of relatively thin, acid wine and it is to the benefit of wine drinkers that it is so systematically being replaced with Gamay and, more recently, Cabernet Franc.

39
Q

Anjou-Saumur Producers

A

Clos Rougeard “Le Bourg” all new barrels/”Les Poyeux” aged 1 yr in barrique/”Breze” (Nady and Charly Foucault)

Domaine du Collier (Antoine Foucault, son of Clos Rougeard’s Charly)

Domaine Guiberteau (Romain Guberteau; tutored by Foucault)”Breze”/”Les Arboises”/”Les Motelles”

40
Q

What appellation in Anjou has banned the use of weed killers and insecticides?

A

Savennières La Roche aux Moines

41
Q

What is the minimum residual sugar in g/L for Quarts de Chaume?

A

85 g/l

Loire Valley (6 decks)

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