Animal Welfare

Question 1

_____ welfare is a science with objective research approaches to understand the needs of animals. It uses measures such as longevity, disease, immunosuppression, behavior, physiology, and reproduction.

Answer 1

Animal

Question 2

_____ animals is a very ancient form of human behavior, not only for food and transport, but also for pleasure. Pets improve our emotional and physiological welfare considerably.

Answer 2

Adopting

Question 3

But we humans tend to _____ our projections onto our animals, assuming what is good for them. What is good for one species, may not be good for another.

Answer 3

Anthropomorphize

Question 4

_____ ______ as a science discipline didn’t start until the mid-eighteenth century in Europe. First school founded in Lyon, France, in 1762.

Answer 4

Veterinary medicine

Question 5

The rise of animal ______ sciences occurred after the Second World War.

Answer 5

Welfare

Question 6

_____: attribute human characteristics and intentions to animals. This can lead to misunderstandings. We must also be aware of the opposite, denying animals characteristics they may have, based on the assumption they are human only traits.

Answer 6

Anthropomorphism

Question 7

There are three main approaches to animal welfare science:

Animal _____- _____ or emotions being the key element. Aiming for comfort, contentment, and ordinary pleasures, free of prolonged and intense pain, fear, hunger and other unpleasant states. Ethologists and animal behaviorists usually hold this view.

Answer 7

Feelings

Question 8

There are three main approaches to animal welfare science:
_____ Functioning- According to this view, animals should be thriving, capable of average growth and reproduction, reasonably free from disease, injury, malnutrition, and abnormalities of behavior and physiology. Usually used by veterinarians whom good health = good welfare.

Answer 8

Biological

Question 9

There are three main approaches to animal welfare science:
_____ Life- Should be kept in reasonably _____ environments and be allowed to develop and use their _____ adaptations and capabilities. A horse in a small box, with food, water, and a clean substrate could be considered healthy. Although Ethologists and evolution scientists see this as a welfare concern.

Answer 9

Natural

Question 10

Animal _____ is a scientific method to access the quality of life, improving their needs, and focus on mental and physical well-being.

Answer 10

welfare

Question 11

The _____ Report - was a historic mark because it was the first official document to accept that animals have emotions and take into account their behavioral needs.

Answer 11

Brambell

Question 12

The five guidelines are known as the Five Freedoms:

1. Freedom from _____ and distress

Answer 12

fear

Question 13

The five guidelines are known as the Five Freedoms:

2. Freedom from _____ and thirst

Answer 13

Hunger

Question 14

The five guidelines are known as the Five Freedoms:

3. Freedom from _____

Answer 14

Discomfort

Question 15

The five guidelines are known as the Five Freedoms:

4. Freedom from pain injury and _____

Answer 15

Disease

Question 16

The five guidelines are known as the Five Freedoms:

5. Freedom to express _____ behavior

Answer 16

Normal

Question 17

The 3 R’s refer to animals within research, they are _____ (with non-animal alternatives), _____ (total number of animals used), _____ (alteration of experimental protocols to reduce pain and suffering)

Answer 17

Replacement / Reduction / Refinement

Question 18

_____ - Argues that it is a form of discrimination. Treating one species differently than another based on their uses.

Answer 18

Speciesism

Question 19

Animal _____ is an animal’s ability to cope physiologically, behaviorally, cognitively, and emotionally within its environment- physiochemical and social.

Answer 19

Welfare

Question 20

We base the assessment of an animals welfare on _____ and behavioral variables, which are indicators of the levels of satisfaction.

Answer 20

physiological

Question 21

Four categories of animal welfare:
1. _____ indicators: A change in welfare changes an individual’s physical and psychological state. One way of assessing welfare is to measure physiological responses, also known as stress responses.

Answer 21

Physiological, measured via:

Disease recording and clinical examination
Stress and hormone release
Metabolic profile
Hematological examination
Biophysical (temperature monitoring, weight gain/loss, heart rate)
Biochemical tests

Question 22

Four categories of animal welfare:
2. _____ Indicators: These indicators relate to the animal’s _____ and most likely to some mental states. Their reaction to stimuli can indicate their state.

Answer 22

Behavior

Question 23

Four categories of animal welfare:

3. _____ indicators: body condition, hair and feather condition, posture, facial expressions.

Answer 23

Physical

Question 24

Four categories of animal welfare:
4. _____ oriented indicators: size and weight, number and size of offspring, quantity and quality of meat, milk, eggs, can all be indicators in production animals. Precise measurements, as well as adequate statistics, are necessary to measure factors in the overall welfare of a stock.

Answer 24

Production

Question 25

To recognize abnormal behavior, you have to be familiar with _____ behavior.

Answer 25

Normal

Question 26

The main problem for the welfare of dogs is _____ interaction.

Answer 26

Human

Question 27

_____ is another common problem with pets. Due to being overfed, and under-exercised.

Answer 27

Obesity

Question 28

_____ training is essential since it improves the relationship between the dog and owner.

Answer 28

Obedience

Question 29

A welfare approach to training techniques should emphasize _____ reinforcement rather than positive punishment. _____ reinforcement must be delivered simultaneously or immediately after the behavior occurs. (Treats, play, verbal)

Answer 29

Positive

Question 30

_____ reduces learning, making training pleasant.

Answer 30

Fear