animal transport Flashcards
what are two unicellular organism
amoeba and perameccium
where does gas exchange occur in a unicellular organism
the cell membrane
gas exchange must occur across a
most membrane
organisms without special transport systems usd
diffusion and gastrovascular cavity
what do jellyfish rely on to help move material around the body
gastrovascular cavity
what pumps to move fluids with one way valves in higher animals
the heart
what type of circulation does a grasshopper have
open circulatory system
what does the only definite blood vessel run in insects
dorsal side
where does blood enter in insects
ostia
what are tubes of trachea leading from the outside of the body inward in insects
tracheal systems
what type of animal have tracheal system
insects
which system has vessels to move blood and not flow through sinuses
closed circulatory system
what is an earthworms heart connected to
dorsal and ventral blood vessel
what takes blood away from the heart in insects
arteries
takes blood to heart
vein
chamber of heart that receives blood
atrium
chamber of the heart that pumps blood away from the heart
ventricle
what type of heart does a fish have
two chambered heart
how many times does blood flow through the heart during a complete cycle of a fish
once
what happens in gas exchange for fish
delivers co2 and picks up o2
what type of heart do amphibians and most reptiles have
3 chambered heart
what is a 3 chambered heart
2 atriums and 1 ventricle
where do the right and left atrium receive blood from in a three chambered heart
the lunas
both atriums dumps blood into where in a 3 chambered heart
ventricle
what part of a reptiles three chambered heart is more fully developed than an amphibian
the septum
what type of heart do birds, crocodiles and mammals have
4 chambered heart
what does not mix in a 4 chambered heart
oxygenated and deoxygenated blood
what takes blood to the lungs for gas exchange
the pulmonary circuit
what takes blood out of the body for gas exchange
systemic circuit
how many times does blood pass through a 4 chambered heart
twice
which type of animal did the 4 chamber heart evolve to after birds and crocodiles
mammals
what type of animal have a difficult time with gas exchange
aquatic animals
where are most aquatic animals evolve respiratory organs found
outside of the body; the gills
where are blood vessels very close to
the surface of the gills
what direction is the water moving in fish’s gas exchange
the oposite direction of blood
where are the lungs found
terrestrial vertebrates
what do birds have that allow for unidirectional flow of air in the lungs
air sacs
in birds oxygenated and deoxygenated air doesn’t
mix
how do birds breathe
pressure breathing
what is pressure breathing
air drawn in by increasing the volume of the lungs
what do mammals not have
air sacs
mammals breathes how
the diaphragm contracting
endothermic need more oxygen/body weight than
ectotherms
