Animal-transmitted Diseases Flashcards
Pathogen
* Rhabdovirus
Reservoirs
* DomesticAnimals(e.g.dogs)
* WildAnimals(e.g.rats,skunks)
Transmission
* InfectedAnimalBite
This describes
Rabies
Epidemiology + Pathology
* Virus in animal saliva
*Infects human host via animal bites
*Proliferates in the brain
Worldwide (per year) * 1,000,000treated * 50,000deaths
United States (per year) * 20,000treated
* 1-2deaths
This describes
Rabies
Symptoms
* Excitation,anxiety,pupildilation * Excessivesalivation
Diagnosis
* LaboratoryAnalyses – Negri bodies
* Wildvs.DomesticAnimals
This describes
Rabies
Treatment
* PassiveImmunization
– Anti-rabies virus antibodies
* ActiveImmunization – Rabies virus vaccine
* Passive+ActiveTherapynearly100%effective
This describes
Rabies
Prevention
* Humans:
– Immunization
– High-risk individuals
* DomesticAnimals: – Immunization
* WildAnimals:
– Injected and oral vaccines
This describes
Rabies
Pathogen
* Hantaviruses Reservoir
* Rodents(Mice,Rats,Voles)
Transmission
* InfectedAnimalFeces
This describes
Hantavirus Syndromes
Epidemiology + Pathology
* Inhalationoffecaldustfrominfectedanimals * Proliferatesinthehumanbody
* HPS:HantavirusPulminarySyndrome – 453 cases (35% mortality) · United States
* HFRS:HemorrhagicFeverwithRenalSyndrome – 200,000 cases (1% mortality) · Russia and Asia
This describes
Hantavirus Syndromes
Diagnosis
* Symptoms
– Fever, Muscle Pain
– Thrombocytopenia (decrease in platelets) – Leukocytosis (increase in leukocytes)
* LaboratoryTests
– Virus cultures, ELISA, PCR
Treatment
* Notreatmentorvaccinesavailable
This describes
Hantavirus Pulminary Syndrome
Four Corners Outbreak (1993)
– Sin Nombre Hantavirus – 30% of local mouse
population infected
– 53 infected adults, 32 deaths (60% mortality)
Yosemite Outbreak (2012)
– Sin Nombre Hantavirus
– 10 infected adults, 3 deaths (30% mortality)
This describes
Hantavirus Pulminary Syndrome
Biosafety Level 4 Viral Pathogens
* Hantaviruses
* Filoviruses – Ebola
This describes
Viral Hemorrhagic Fever (VHF)
Pathogen
* Chlamydiapsittaci Reservoir
* Birds(parrots,poultry)
Transmission
* InfectedAnimalFeces * InfectedSaliva
This describes
Psittacosis · Parrot Fever
Pathogen
* Chlamydiapsittaci Reservoir
* Birds(parrots,poultry)
Transmission
* InfectedAnimalFeces * InfectedSaliva
This describes
Psittacosis · Parrot Fever
Epidemiology
* RarebutUnderestimatedDisease
– Less than 10 cases per year since 2010
* OccasionalOutbreaks
– Outbreak in 1929 affected 800 people
Pathology
* Inhalationoffecaldustfrompetsorpoultry
* Lunginfection(pneumonia)inseverecases – Causes death in rare cases
This describes
Psittacosis · Parrot Fever
Diagnosis
* Symptoms
– Fever, Headache, Dry Cough (many others) – Similar to Other Respiratory Infections
* Molecular(PCR)Tests
Treatment and Prevention
* Antibiotics(e.g.Tetracycline)
* NoVaccineAvailable
* Awareness:SafeBirdandCageCare
This describes
Psittacosis · Parrot Fever