ANIMAL SCIENCE 1 Flashcards
Cattle the need further feeding prior to slaughter.
Feeder
The proportion of lean salable meat yielded by a carcass.
Cutability
The biochemical reduction of nitrate or nitrite to gaseous
nitrogen, either as molecular nitrogen or as an oxide of
nitrogen.
Denitrification
Removing fertilize ova (embryos) from one cow (donor dam)
and placing these into other cows (host cows), usually
accompanied by hormone-induced superovulation of the donor dam.
Embryo Transfer
Measures the efficiency with which the bodies of livestock
convert animal feed into the desired output.
Feed Conversion Ratio
General term for female parent
Dam
Feedstuffs composed primarily of the whole plant, including
stems and leaves that are utilized by cattle.
Foragae
Infertile female born twin to a bull calf (approximately 9
out of 10 will not conceive).
Freemartin
Offspring resulting from the mating of a purebred (straight-
bred) bull to purebred (straight-bred) females of another breed.
F1
A recurring period of sexual receptivity and fertility in
many female mammals.
Estrus
The process of eliminating less productive or less desirable
cattle from a herd.
Culling
Enterprise in which cattle are fed grain and other
concentrates for usually 90-120 days.
Feedlot
An estimate of an individual’s true breeding value for a
trait based on the performance of the individual and close
relatives for the trait.
Estimated breeding value (EBV)
Feed that is high in energy, low in fiber content, and
highly digestible.
Concentrate
All external (non-genetic) conditions that influence the
reproduction, production, and carcass merit of cattle.
Environment
Fed cattle whose time in the feedlot is completed and are now
ready slaughter.
Finished Cattle
The mating of animals of different breeds (or species).
Crossbreeding
Management unit that maintains a breeding herd and produces
weaned calves.
Cow calf operation
An adult female that has had a calf.
Cow
Long DNA molecules on which genes (the basic genetic codes)
are located at the:
Chromosomes
A way to describe the quality of livestock in terms of their
suitability and commercial value for various end usage including
retail cut and processed meat.
Carcass Evaluation
Abnormal size or presentation fetus causing difficulty in
delivering it.
Dystocia
Product of considerably less value than the major product.
By product
The industry term for baby cows who are taken from their
mothers to be sold for slaughter
Drop Calf
The number of calves hat are born annually to a particular
cow group.
Calf crop
Young cattle of both sexes.
Calf
Cattle of common origin and having characteristics that
distinguish them from other groups within the same species.
Breed
The scientific name for cattle.
Bovine
Meat from calves is called:
Veal
The mating of two-breed crossbred offspring back to one of
its parental breeds.
Backcross
In selecting boars, the following should be considered
EXCEPT_
Different sizes of testicles
Which cattle disease is characterized by septicemia and
sudden death? It is caused by bacteria which is transmitted
through inhalation or through flies and mosquitos?
Anthrax
Which bacterial disease of swine causes abortion and
infection of the productive organ in the male resulting to
sterility?
Brucellosis
Which refers to feeds that have a high percentage of food
nutrients per weight and constitute a relatively expensive part
of the animal diet?
Concentrates
The following are factors to be considered in balancing the
nutrient requirements the nutrient value of the feed available
EXCEPT
Cost of raw materials
Which describe a snood correctly?
*
Fleshy flap of skin that hangs over the turkeys beak and similar to the caruncle, turns bright red when angered or during courtship
What unit is appropriate for housing a nursing sow and its
young for 30 days?
Nursery
Native pigs could be feed with green fodder such as sorghum
but pregnant and nursing pigs should be given _______ as
supplements?
Commercial feed
What is the mating of unrelated animals called?
Outbreeding
Different breeds of poultry maybe classified according to
the purpose of their production. Which breed do you choose for
meat and egg production?
Rhode Island red
One of the aspects of animal production is selecting the
site. Which are some of the factors in selecting a site?
1) Available pasture area for the livestock
2) Adequate source of water
3) Distance from neighboring farm
4) Accessibility of the farm to roads and population centers
According to the Philippine Carabao Center (PCC), the share
of carabao milk production in the total domestic milk output has
increased to ______% as of 2014.
47
What classification of disease affecting cattle and carabaos
is comprised of anthrax, black leg, brucellosis, hemorrhagic
septicemia, mastitis and tuberculosis?
Bacteria
How is vaccination applied in preventing infectious
diseases, particularly Bursal Disease (IBD)?
Eyes and Nose dropper
What disease affects the entire body of a cattle, most often
causing sudden death?
Black leg
What is known as a behavioral problem in chickens resulting
in injuring toes, tails, and feathers, and vent on another bird?
Cannibalism
It is the art and science of the genetic improvement for
farm animals?
Animal Breeding
Which is collective term for domesticated birds that re-
raise for either their meat or eggs or as pets?
Poultry
A group of animals, which possess certain characteristics
that are common to individuals within the group of animals
within same species?
Breed
Which breed of cattle has color from light to silver gray
and brownish dark gray to red?
Indu-brazil
What cause Chronic Respiratory Disease (CDR) affecting the
respiratory tract and air sacs characterized by poor growth and
carcass quality of chicks?
Mycoplasma galiiesepticum
This animal scientific name is Capra hircus?
*
Goat
Which animals have complex stomach system consisting of the
rumen, reticulum, omasum and abomasum?
Ruminants
The inflammation of udder or mammary gland?
Mastitis
Which of these diseases is cause by deficiency in Vitamin E
that causes the chicks become suddenly frustrated with their
head twisted laterally?
Crazy chick disease
The average pregnancy period of sows?
114 days
The formation of corpus luteum, changes in vaginal wall and
uterus?
Metestrus
The normal duration of heat period in sows is____?
2-5 days
The first of the estrous cycle referred to as a “building
up” phase?
Proestrus
The average pregnancy period of does?
150 days
The average pregnancy period of cows?
283 days
This American breed develops in 1959 from Spanish goats. It
has short or no ears, extremely hardy and adapted to adverse
condition:
La mancha
The act of lying eggs in poultry is called_______?
Oviposition
The genetic makeup of an individual?
Genotype
Environmentally and genetically determined observable
appearance of an organism?
Phenotype
The process where fully developed embryo/chicks beaks out of
the egg.
Hatching
The first milk produced by mother animals is called____?
Colostrum
Which pasture and forage are grown, cut, fermented and
preserved before being fed to animals?
Silage crops
Which is the most intensively kept poultry in the
Philippines?
Chicken
Which refers to the covering of the entire body of animals?
Its main function is protection and, to a limited extent,
regular of heat.
Skin
Which term refers to the ovulation period in animals
Heat period
These are practices of calf- rearing EXCEPT _______.
a) Calf that has not suckled five (5) to six (6) hours after calving should be led to his mother’s udder
b) Calf should not be given concentrate at an early age for faster growth. the answer
c) Calf that is weak should be taken to his mother during bad weather
d) Calf should suckle colostrum milk from the mother within three (3) hours after calving
Which type of cattle raising is considered the most
challenging because the breeder needs to be familiar with the
reproductive cycle and management practices involved?
Cow-calf
What is referred to as Gallus gallus domesticus?
chicken
What is referred to as OVIS ARIES?
*
Domestic sheep
Applied to slaughter animals which is simply the withdrawal
of feed but water is given ad libitum before slaughtering
Fasting
A stomach compartment of ruminant animals which is known
as “true stomach” that serves as the site of final digestion.
Abomasum
Red blood cell is a type of blood cell known as what?
Erythrocytes
The largest of the four stomach compartments of ruminant
animals where billions of microorganisms reside which is also
called “paunch” is known as what?
Rumen
The science which deals with the form and structure of all
organism is called.
*
Anatomy
Giving birth to cattle is called
*
Calving
Cowper’s gland is also known as what ?
Bulbo-urethral gland
When genes at corresponding loci on homologous chromosomes
differ ,one allele may overpower the other. The overpowering
allele is called
Dominant
The symbol for homozygous–dominant black would look like
BB
Carotene can be split into two molecules of vitamin
Vitamin A
What is the muscular part of the stomach that uses grit to grind grains and fiber into smaller particles?
Gizzard
Which pig breed commonly used in commercial farming in the Philippines has its origin in the United Kingdom?
Large White
Top province in terms of volume of carabao production with 8,546 MT live weight in year 2022.
Negros Occidental
Which country had the highest per capita consumption of fluid milk worldwide in 2022?
Belarus
What primarily satisfies the energy requirements in ruminants?
Volatile fatty acids (VFA)
Which vitamin deficiency in cattle is associated with symptoms like night blindness or xerophthalmia and can be treated effectively with vitamin supplementation?
Vitamin A deficiency
Which of the following is an essential amino acid?
Leucine
What is the common name for Clostridium tetani in cattle, which can lead to a condition characterized by muscle stiffness and spasms?
Lockjaw
Most common breed of Japanese quail in the country.
Japanese Seattle
Which of the following toxic substances is primarily associated with Fusarium contamination in feeds?
Zearalenone
Among these animal species, which one has multiple ovulations during a normal estrous cycle?
Sow
If a goat was bred on April 16, 2024, when is its expected date of birth?
a. September 30
b. September 13 the answer
c. October 16
d. None of the above
Which of the following is not correct?
a. Markaduke: Marinduque
b. Sinirangan: Eastern Samar
c. Yookah: Kalinga
d. ISUbela: Quezon
Kopi luwak, also known as civet coffee, consists of partially metabolized coffee cherries that the Asian Forest Civet has consumed and defecated. What is the scientific name of this animal?
Paradoxurus hermaphroditus
Which of the following breeding systems reduces the hybrid vigor of offspring in ruminants?
a. upgrading
b. inbreeding the answer
c. crossbreeding
d. outcrossing
