Animal Responses Flashcards
Adaptive Advantage
A trait or characteristic that increases an organism’s chances of surviving and reproducing in a specific environment.
Biological Clock
An internal mechanism that regulates the timing of various biological processes in accordance with environmental cues
Effector
A component that produces a response/action
Endogenous Rhthym
A biological rhythm that is generated from within an organism, independent of external environmental cues
Entrainment
The process by which an external environmental cue influences and synchronizes an organism’s internal biological rhythms
Environmental Cue
A signal or stimulus from the environment that influences or synchronises an organism’s internal biological processes, such as rhythms or behaviours.
Exogenous Rhythm
A biological rhythm that is influenced or regulated by external environmental cues, rather than being generated internally.
Free-running Period
The length of time that an organism’s internal biological rhythm persists in the absence of external environmental cues
Homing
The ability of an organism to navigate back to a specific location after being displaced, often using environmental cues
Innate Behaviour
A genetically programmed behavioral pattern that an organism performs without prior experience or training
Kinesis
A type of non-directional animal response to the intesity of a stimulus
Klinokinesis
A type of movement in which the frequency or rate of turning is proportional to stimulus intensity
Learned Behaviour
A behavior that an organism develops through experience, practice, or interaction with its environment, rather than being inherited genetically.
Migration
The seasonal movement of animals from one region to another, typically for breeding, feeding, or favorable environmental conditions.
Navigation
The ability of an animal to move in a directed way to a specific location, often using environmental cues such as landmarks, sun positioning, or Earth’s magnetic field to orient itself and reach a destination.
Orthokinesis
A type of movement in which the speed of the individuals movement is dependent upon the stimulus intensity
Phase Shift
A change in the timing of a biological rhythm, often caused by external cues or internal factors, which alters the alignment of the rhythm with the environment.
Sensory Receptor
A specialised cell or structure that detects and responds to specific types of stimuli and converts them into electrical signals for the nervous system
Taxis
A directed, automatic movement of an organism toward or away from a stimulus.
Zeitgeber
An external environmental cue that helps synchronise or reset an organism’s internal biological clock or rhythm.
