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Animal production > Animal production > Flashcards

Animal production Flashcards

1
Q

What is the daily live weight gain of a broiler chick?

A

20g

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2
Q

What is the daily live weight gain of an adult broiler?

A

50-70g

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3
Q

What is the minimum feed conversion ratio that chicken farmers look for in broilers?

A

2:1

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4
Q

What is the optimal feed conversion rate for chicken farms?

A

1.5:1

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5
Q

How much light do broilers get each day and why?

A

15 mins so that if there is a power cut they wont get scared

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6
Q

What are 4 factors affecting broiler growth?

A

Light

Nutrition

Temperature

Welfare

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7
Q

what is the average weight of a pig in the UK market?

A

85-100Kgs

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8
Q

How does the winter sheering of ewes affect lambs?

A

Improves the lamb size

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9
Q

2 factors that could stop the death of freshly born lambs:

A

Adequate feed intake

Lambing later in the year so its not as cold

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10
Q

3 reasons why the UK dairy industry has changed:

A

1) Changed from lots of small farms to less large farms
2) Higher yielding cows due to genetics
3) Milk consumption has gone down

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11
Q

What is the ideal EC carcass grade for a beef carcass?

A

R4L

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12
Q

Which EC carcass grade would yield the highest proportion of saleable meat?

A

U+2

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13
Q

What percentage of body weight would an average finishing beef animal consume in DM per day?

A

2.5%

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14
Q

What beef diet would result in the greatest level of fat in the carcass?

A

Grass silage with no supplementation

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15
Q

How much ME is released in a suckler cow with loss of 1.0 unit of condition score?

A

3200 MJ

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16
Q

What is the optimum body condition score for a lowland ewe at mating time?

A

3.0-3.5

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17
Q

What is the approximate slaughter weight of a finished lamb?

A

50% of mature weight

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18
Q

What effect will winter shearing have on housed pregnant ewes?

A

Increased lamb birth weights

19
Q

In dairy cows what result would low effective fibre intake have? (3 points)

A

Abnormal manure
Excessive intake
Variable intake

20
Q

When will a lactating dairy cow reach peak production?

A

4 weeks before peak feed intake is acheived

21
Q

What is most likely to cause milk fever?

A

Increasing grass silage intake

22
Q

What percentage of sows hold to first service?

A

80%

23
Q

What is the main cause of mortality in pre-weaned piglets?

A

hypothermia/starvation

24
Q

What is the earliest age a piglet can be weaned?

A

4 weeks

25
Q

What effect does increasing day length have on domestic fowl?

A

Increased ovulation

26
Q

What is the accepted level of mortality in a commercial broiler flock?

A

4%

27
Q

2 concentrate supplements fed to dairy cows

A

Energy supplements

Protein supplements

28
Q

When is the Transition Period of dairy cows?

A

3 weeks before calving to 3 weeks after calving

29
Q

What events happen during the Transition Period?

A

High susceptibility to metabolic disorders (milk fever)
Intake starts to drop
Hormonal changes

30
Q

Symptoms of Hypocalcaemia (milk fever) (4)

A

Difficult calvings
Mastitis
Reduced feed intake
Ketosis (elevated Ketone levels)

31
Q

What is the ideal light intensity for broiler chickens?

A

10-15 lux

32
Q

What effect does increased photoperiod have on chickens?

A

Reduced leg abnormalities

Reduced sudden death

33
Q

Intermittent lighting programmes can (2)

A

Improve feed efficiency

Give savings on electrical usage

34
Q

Ahemeral lighting cycles produce

A

larger eggs but fewer of them

35
Q

What is photorefractoriness?

A

The point at which a flock no longer reacts to increased day length

36
Q

Killing Out (KO) % =

A

(Carcass weight/Liveweight) x 100

37
Q

What is the optimum Killing Out % for pigs?

A

72-80%

38
Q

What is the optimum Killing Out % for beef?

A

55%

39
Q

Best ways to improve sow productivity (4)

A

Increase number of piglets born alive
Reduce pre-weaning mortality
Reduce returns to service
Reduce delays to culling

40
Q

What is the ambient temperature requirement for a newborn litter of piglets?

A

24-34 degrees

41
Q

Lean growth in finishing pigs is affected by (4)

A

Genotype and gender
Stage of growth
Energy intake
Dietary protein content

42
Q

What is the optimum Killing Out % for sheep?

A

50%

43
Q

What is the approximate slaughter weight of beef?

A

60-70%

44
Q

How do you control parasitic worms in grassland for turned out calves? (3)

A

Graze it with sheep in previous season
Use it for conservation in previous season
Dosing with anthelmintics

Animal production (2 decks)

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