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Animal Nursing > Animal Nursing > Flashcards

Animal Nursing Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the 5 rights of giving medication?

A
  1. Right patient
  2. Right drug
  3. Right dose
  4. Right route
  5. Right frequency/time
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2
Q

What are 3 forms of eye medications?

A
  1. Drops
  2. Gel
  3. Ointment
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3
Q

What does TPR stand for?

A

Temperature, pulse, respiration

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4
Q

What does SOAP stand for?

A

Subjective, Objective, Assessment, Plan

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5
Q

What does patient signalment mean?

A

Refers to the collective information that identifies an individual patient ​such as colour, breed, etc.

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6
Q

What does CRT stand for?

A

Capillary refill time

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7
Q

What is a normal CRT?

A

Less than 2 seconds

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8
Q

What are deciduous teeth?

A

Baby teeth

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9
Q

What is a normal canine temperature?

A

37.5-39.0˚C​

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10
Q

What is a normal feline temperature?

A

38.0-39.0˚C

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11
Q

What does it mean to auscultate?

A

Listen to sounds produced by the body

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12
Q

What does BPM stand for and what is it in reference to?

A

Beats per minute and heart rate

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13
Q

What does RR stand for and what is it in reference to?

A

Respiratory rate and numbers of breaths per minute

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14
Q

What are core canine vaccines?

A

DA2PP, Rabies

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15
Q

What are core feline vaccines?

A

FVRCP

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16
Q

What are some non-core canine vaccines?

A

Bordetella, Lepto, Lyme

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17
Q

What are some non-core feline vaccines?

A

Leukemia

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18
Q

Where are anal glands located? (hint - clock face)

A

4 and 8 o’clock

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19
Q

What is pink eye in humans equivalent to in animals?

A

Conjunctivitis

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20
Q

What is the order of medicating when using eye drops and ointment and why?

A

Drops first 5 min before ointment - if ointment was first, the drops would not be able to penetrate through

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21
Q

What is glaucoma?

A

A disease that is caused by aqueous humor (fluid) not being able to leave the eye, resulting in increased intraocular pressure

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22
Q

What does IOP stand for?

A

Intraocular pressure

23
Q

True or false - an animal that is squinting their eye should be seen immediately

A

True

24
Q

True or false - an animal that has been vomiting once a day for 2 days should be immediately

A

False

25
Q

True or false - a dog that has been limping for 2 days on and off should be seen immediately

A

False

26
Q

What type of dog breeds are more likely to get corneal ulcers and why?

A

Brachycephalic - greater risk of injury due to shortened skulls, shallow eye sockets, corneal surface not protected, and ​higher tendency for inherited diseases

27
Q

What is the allergy alert with fluorescein eye stain?

A

Shellfish

28
Q

What are 4 forms of oral medications?

A

Tablets, powder, capsules, liquid

29
Q

What is the best way to initially try to give a patient a tablet?

A

Wrap in a pill pocket or a canned food meatball

30
Q

What does transmucosal mean?

A

Across the mucous membranes

31
Q

What does sublingual mean?

A

Under the tongue

32
Q

What is a buccal pouch?

A

The cheek pouch

33
Q

0.75 of a cup is what in a fraction?

A

3/4

34
Q

When would we use fluid therapy in ourpatients?

A
  1. Electrolyte imbalances​
  2. Diuresis​
  3. During and after surgery to prevent hypotension​
  4. Shock​
  5. Provide nutrition​
  6. Providing cardiovascular support​
  7. Facilitating administration of IV medications
  8. Replenish lost fluid
35
Q

What is the average % of body water in a body?

A

60

36
Q

4 routes of fluid therapy

A
  1. PO
  2. SQ
  3. IV
  4. IO
37
Q

What does the skin tent test tell us? In what patients would this test not be accurate?

A

If a patient is dehydrated. Older animals may have lost skin elasticity so it won’t be accurate.

38
Q

When would we mainly use SQ fluids?

A

Kidney disease - diuresis, hydration

39
Q

What are the 3 layers of a bandage?

A
  1. Primary layer
  2. Secondary layer
  3. Tertiary layer
40
Q

Why would we use a bandage?

A
  1. Cover and protect a wound
  2. Patient comfort
  3. Hold dressings in place
  4. Protect environment
  5. Absorb fluid from wounds
  6. Debride
  7. Provide support
  8. Provide compression
  9. Discourage self-grooming
  10. Restrict motion to eliminate stress of the wound edges
41
Q

What is one of the most important things to consider in an emergency?

A

Safety of the pet and handler

42
Q

What is an inpatient?

A

A patient that has been admitted and is staying in the hospital while under treatment

43
Q

What PPE should you use whenever you handle bodily fluids?

A

Gloves

44
Q

What are some signs of fluid overload?

A
  1. Coughing
  2. Serous nasal discharge
  3. Conjunctival edema
  4. Peripheral edema
  5. Increased respiratory rate and/or effort
  6. New lung sounds/crackles/murmur?
  7. Restlessness
  8. Vomiting/diarrhea/excessive urination
45
Q

What should we worry about with recumbent patients and what can we do to avoid that from happening?

A

Ulceration “bed sores”, provide absorbent bedding, adequate padding, constant cleaning, frequent turning of patient every 2-4 hours

46
Q

What is the procedure called to evacuate the bowel?

A

Enema

47
Q

What are 2 methods of permanently identifying an animal?

A

Tattoo and microchip

48
Q

What do different colours of mucous membranes mean? (White, blue, yellow, pink)

A

White - shock, hypothermia, pain, anemia
Blue - cyanotic (lack of oxygen)
Yellow - liver disease
Pink - normal

49
Q

What are the 3 stages of tissue healing and repair?

A

Inflammation, organization and regeneration

50
Q

What are the classifications of wound healing discussed in the lecture?

A

First intention healing and second intention healing

51
Q

Name the 5 nonspecific responses of tissues to injury and the purpose of that response

A

Vasoconstriction - to control bleeding
Vasodilation and edema - to allow cells and other substances to the injury site to start healing
Clot formation - to stop bleeding and to protect the wound
Phagocytosis - to remove microorganisms and dead tissue from the wound

52
Q

What is formed in the organization phase of wound healing?

A

Granulation tissue

53
Q

What does granulation tissue do?

A

It brings oxygen, nutrients and bacteria inhibiting substances to the wound

54
Q

How does scar tissue differ from normal tissue?

A

It is less flexible

Animal Nursing (2 decks)

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