Animal Kingdom Flashcards
Mode of locomotion in reptiles
Creeping and crawlings
The first true land vertebrate
Reptiles
Type of skin in reptiles
Dry or cornified skin, epidermal scales or scutes.
Tympanum in reptiles represents
The ear
How many pairs of limbs are present in reptiles ?
If present two pairs of limbs
How many chambers are their in the heart of the reptiles.
Three chambered , except in crocodile four chambered heart.
Which type of dentition is present in snakes and lizards?
Pleurodont
Dentition in crocodile
Thecodont
Dentition in turtles
Tooth are absent , replaced by horny beaks
Feature of the skull in reptiles
Monocondylic(with one occipital condyle).
Excretory organ in reptiles
Kidneys , which are metanephric.
In reptiles ,urinary bladder is absent in
Snakes and crocodile.
How many pairs of cranial nerves are in reptiles?
12 pairs
Olfactory organ in reptiles
Jacobson’s (vomeronasal organ)
Type of blood in reptiles
Cold blooded or poikilotherms.
Fertilisation in reptiles
Internal fertilisation
Sexes in reptiles are
Dioecious , sexes are separate.
Reptiles reproduce by
Oviparous or egg laying
The eggs are covered by
Shell
Scientific name of tortoise
Testudo
Scientific name of turtle
Chelone
Shape of The carapace in testudo
Oval shaped
Shape of the carapace in chelone
Heart shaped
The forelimbs and hind limbs in chelone is modified into
Paddles
The snakes, which have oar shaped tail
Poisonous,especially sea snakes
The snakes ,with cylindrical tail and tapered end
Poisonous or non poisonous,seen in land snakes
The snakes with small scales in head ,head triangular ,no loreal pit?
Poisonous, like vipers(Vipera russelli)
The snakes which have loreal upt in between the nostril and the eye?
Poisonous,pit vipers.
The snakes whose vertebrals enlarged, hexagon shaped scales are
Poisonous, Krait ,Bungarus
Neck with hood and spectacle mark
Cobra,Naja
Study of lizards
Saurology
Study of snakes
Serpentology or ophiology
The limbless lizard, known as glass snake , blind snake…
Ophiosaurus
Autonomy (breaking of their tails to confuse the enemy) is shown by
Most of the lizards
Two viviparous lizards are
Phrynosoma and Chameleon.
Wall lizards are also known as
Gecko,Hemidactylus
How do gecko run through vertices surfaces
It is due to the presence of vacuum pumps
Limbless lizards can be distinguished from snakes by
Presence of
movable eyelids and
external ear opening
which is absent in snakes.
The process of shedding of the scaly epidermis of snakes is known as
Moulting or
Ecdysis
Viviparous snakes
Vipers russelli
Hydrophilic
The poisonous glands in snakes are
Modified superior labial
Or parotid gland
Types of venoms in snakes
Neurotoxic and haemotoxic
Common poisonous snakes
Crobra (Naja) Kriat (Bungarus) Vipers (Vipera) Hydrophis Coral snakes etc....
The antivenins used in counteract the effect of heamotoxins
Benadryl and antisera
Antivenin injections are prepared at
Haffkin’s institute,Mumbai
Central Research Institute,kausali(Simla)
Two common sea snakes
Hydrophis
Enhydrina
Smallest snake
Thread snake
Largest lizard
Komodo dragon
Smallest lizard
Dwarf gecko
Long dinosaur
Diplodocus
Smallest dinosaur
Compsognathus
Largest living carnivorous reptile
Crocodile ( Crocodilus )
Ancestors of mammals
Therapsida
Which reptile have prehensile tail
Chameleon
Truly flying vertebrates
Birds
Modified jaw in aves
Beak
Forelimbs of aves are modified into
Wings
Which glands are present in the skin of aves
Oil glands Or Preen gland Or Uropygial gland Present at the base of the tail
Which type of bones are present in aves
Pneumatic bones or hollow bones
The additional chamber in the digestive tract of birds
Crop and gizzard
Which animal is known to be having ‘rich blood’
Aves
Bcos they are having more
RBC per cubic mm than any other animal
Urinary bladder is seen in which bird
Rhea
The comb like structure seen in eyes near the blind spot
Pecten….
Which helps in giving nutrition to the eye ball……
Blood in aves are
Homeothernous or
warm blood animals
Respiration in aves is done by
Lungs
What is present in aves to produce sound
Syrinx,
Lies near the junction of trachea and bronchi
Types of feathers in aves
Quills feather Coverts feather Contour feather Filoplume feather Down feather Rictal bristle feather
The last three or four tail vertebrae fuse to form a
Pygostyle
Smallest living flightless bird
Kiwi
The smallest bird
Humming bird or sunbird
Oil gland ,keel,pygostyle,and syrinx are absent in
Flightless birds
How many ovary ate their In female birds
One ovary
Famous Indian Ornithologist
Dr. Salim Ali
National bird
Pavo cristatus(peacock)
Heaviest bird
Vulture gryphus or vulture
Largest living bird
African ostrich
Egg of ostrich weighs
1.5kg
Name two flightless birds
Struthio(ostrich)
Apteryx(kiwi)
Study of birds
Ornithology
Flightless bird with oil gland
Kiwi
Unique feature of mammals
Milk producing mammary glands.
The skin of mammals are unique in possessing
Skin hair
Example of Oviparous mammal
Ornithorhynchus (platypus)
Two cerebral hemispheres are joined by a transverse band of nerve fibres
Corpus callosum
The four solid optic lobes in mammals are called as
Corpora quadrigemina
In mammals the three ear ossicles are
Malleus,incus,stapes
The neck of mammals have how much vertebrae
Seven cervical vertibrae
Are sponges sessile or free living
Sessile
Symmetry of Poriferans
Asymmetric
Level of organisation of phylum Porifera
Cellular level of organisation
What are the types of canal system in porifera
Ascon type
Sycon type , and
Leucine type
Ieucon type of canal system Is also known as
Rhagon type
Sexes of Porifera is
Hermaphrodite I.e, sexes are not separate in them
Development of Porifera are
Indirect development
Euspongia is also known as
Bath sponge
Which Porifera is given as a precious marriage gift in Japan
Euplectella
Example for fresh water sponge
Spongilla
Which sponge is called the boring sponge
Cliona
Which sponge is called as deadman’ finger
Chalina
Coelenterates are also called as
Cnidaria
Symmetry of Cnidarians
Radial symmetry
Level of organisation in Cnidaria
Tissue level of organisation
Type of germ layer in.cnidaria
Diploblastic animals
Where do hydra flourishes
In cool, clean and stagnant water
Number of tentacles in hydra
6-10 tentacles
Food of hydra are
Water fleas such as daphnia and cyclops
Development in hydra is
Direct development
